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      Caracterização molecular e diversidade genética de diferentes variedades de abacate por marcadores microssatélites Translated title: Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of different varieties of avocado by microsatellites markers (SSR)

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          Abstract

          Pertencente à família Lauraceae, o abacateiro compreende três raças hortícolas: antilhana, guatemalense e mexicana. Os marcadores moleculares são uma ferramenta rápida e eficaz para estudos genômicos, uma vez que detectam o polimorfismo diretamente ao nível do DNA e não sofrem qualquer tipo de influência ambiental. Com base nesse polimorfismo, é possível fazer inferências sobre as relações entre o genótipo e o fenótipo dos indivíduos, o que, em última análise, permite aumentar a eficiência dos programas de melhoramento. Diante o exposto, o objetivo foi investigar a diversidade genética entre sete variedades de abacate a partir de 5 lócus de marcadores moleculares microssatélites (SSR). Nas amostras de abacateiros avaliadas, encontrou-se um total de 18 alelos, com uma média de 3,6 alelos por lócus. O dendrograma gerado a partir de análise de agrupamento UPGMA agrupou, separadamente do resto dos genótipos, a cultivar Geada da raça Antilhana, possivelmente por esta variedade ser uma raça pura, e o restante foi agrupado em dois grandes grupos das raças, a Guatemalense e a Mexicana. Os genótipos das sete variedades de abacate apresentam diversidade genética nos cinco lócus de marcadores moleculares microssatélites (SSR) avaliados, o que indica que são materiais promissores para utilização em futuros programas de melhoramento.

          Translated abstract

          Belonging to Lauraceae family, avocado vegetables include three races: West Indian, Guatemalan and Mexican. Molecular markers are a fast and efficient tool for genomic studies since they detect polymorphism directly at the DNA level and do not suffer any kind of environmental influence. Based on this polymorphism, it is possible to make inferences about the relationship between genotype and phenotype of individuals, which ultimately will increase the efficiency of breeding programs. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity among seven varieties of avocados from five loci of microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). In samples of avocado evaluated it was found a total of 18 alleles, with an average of 3.6 alleles per locus. The dendrogram generated from UPGMA cluster analysis grouped separately from the rest of the genotypes the "Geada" cultivar an Antillean race, possibly because this strain is a pure race, the remainder was divided into two principal races groups, the Guatemalan and the Mexican. The genotypes of the seven varieties of avocado, show genetic diversity in the five loci of microsatellite molecular markers (SSR) assessed, indicating that they are promising materials for using in future breeding programs.

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          Most cited references35

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          Evolution and the Genetics of Populations 4. Variability Within and Among Natural Populations

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            Development and transferability of apricot and grape EST microsatellite markers across taxa.

            EST microsatellite markers were developed in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and grape (Vitis vinifera L.). cDNA libraries from either apricot leaves or grape roots were used in an enrichment procedure for GA and CA repeats. The transferability of EST simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from apricot and grapevine to other related and unrelated species was examined. Overall, grape primers amplified products in most of the Vitaceae accessions while the apricot primers amplified polymorphic alleles only in closely related species of the Rosaceae. In this taxonomic family, ten EST SSR loci were tested, and one single primer pair, PacB22, was amplified across species and sections in the Prunoideae and Maloideae. Sequencing of EST SSR loci in other species and genera confirmed a higher level of conservation in the microsatellite motif and flanking regions in the Vitaceae compared to the Rosaceae. Two distinct fragments of the PacB22 locus amplified across the Malus and Pyrus genera; however, while the coding region was highly conserved, the microsatellite repeat motif was no longer present. The banding pattern was explained by base substitution and insertion/deletion events in the intronic region of PacB22. This study includes the determination of the degree of polymorphism detected among species and genera in two unrelated taxonomic families and the evaluation of the information provided by the microsatellite repeats and the flanking regions.
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              Tools for population genetic analysis (TGFPA). 1.3. A Windows program for the analysis of allozime and molecular population genetic data

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbf
                Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
                Rev. Bras. Frutic.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura (Jaboticabal )
                1806-9967
                December 2011
                : 33
                : 4
                : 1178-1184
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [3 ] Fundação Educacional de Andradina Brazil
                Article
                S0100-29452011000400016
                10.1590/S0100-29452011000400016
                67f80706-fd0a-4dd8-986f-56788912ad75

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-2945&lng=en
                Categories
                HORTICULTURE

                Horticulture
                Persea americana,SSR,fingerprinting,germoplasm banks,banco de germoplasma
                Horticulture
                Persea americana, SSR, fingerprinting, germoplasm banks, banco de germoplasma

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