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      A monolithic device for CO2 photoreduction to generate liquid organic substances in a single-compartment reactor

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          Abstract

          A solar to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 4.6% was demonstrated in CO 2 photoreduction to formate utilizing water as an electron donor under simulated solar light irradiation to a monolithic tablet-shaped device.

          A solar to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 4.6% was demonstrated for CO 2 photoreduction to formate utilizing water as an electron donor under simulated solar light irradiation to a monolithic tablet-shaped device. The simple CO 2 photoreduction system was realized by exploiting the effect of the carbon substrate on selective CO 2 reduction in the presence of oxygen and selective H 2O oxidation over IrO x catalysts in the presence of formate.

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          Wireless solar water splitting using silicon-based semiconductors and earth-abundant catalysts.

          Steven Y Reece, Jonathan A Hamel, Kimberly Sung … (2011)
          We describe the development of solar water-splitting cells comprising earth-abundant elements that operate in near-neutral pH conditions, both with and without connecting wires. The cells consist of a triple junction, amorphous silicon photovoltaic interfaced to hydrogen- and oxygen-evolving catalysts made from an alloy of earth-abundant metals and a cobalt|borate catalyst, respectively. The devices described here carry out the solar-driven water-splitting reaction at efficiencies of 4.7% for a wired configuration and 2.5% for a wireless configuration when illuminated with 1 sun (100 milliwatts per square centimeter) of air mass 1.5 simulated sunlight. Fuel-forming catalysts interfaced with light-harvesting semiconductors afford a pathway to direct solar-to-fuels conversion that captures many of the basic functional elements of a leaf.
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            Accelerating materials development for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production: Standards for methods, definitions, and reporting protocols

            Eric McFarland, Mahendra Sunkara, Clemens Heske … (2010)
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              What is the maximum efficiency with which photosynthesis can convert solar energy into biomass?

              Xin-Guang Zhu, Stephen P Long, Donald Ort (2008)
              Photosynthesis is the source of our food and fiber. Increasing world population, economic development, and diminishing land resources forecast that a doubling of productivity is critical in meeting agricultural demand before the end of this century. A starting point for evaluating the global potential to meet this goal is establishing the maximum efficiency of photosynthetic solar energy conversion. The potential efficiency of each step of the photosynthetic process from light capture to carbohydrate synthesis is examined. This reveals the maximum conversion efficiency of solar energy to biomass is 4.6% for C3 photosynthesis at 30 degrees C and today's 380 ppm atmospheric [CO2], but 6% for C4 photosynthesis. This advantage over C3 will disappear as atmospheric [CO2] nears 700 ppm.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EESNBY
                Title: Energy & Environmental Science
                Abbreviated Title: Energy Environ. Sci.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Print): 1754-5692
                ISSN (Electronic): 1754-5706
                Publication date Created: 2015
                Publication date (Print): 2015
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 7
                Pages: 1998-2002
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/C5EE01314C
                SO-VID: 696809aa-9d5d-4a43-aa75-06dfeae33078
                Copyright © © 2015
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