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DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A MODEL TO EVALUATE THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING PROJECTS
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      Effect of Heat Stress on Yield, Monoterpene Content and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Mentha x piperita var. Mitcham and Mentha arvensis var. piperascens

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          Abstract

          Heat stress affects the yield of medicinal plants and can reduce biomass and/or metabolite production. In order to evaluate the effect of heat-induced stress on the essential oil production in Mentha x piperita L. var. Mitcham (Mitcham mint) and Mentha arvensis var. piperascens Malinv. ex L. H. Bailey (Japanese mint), we studied the chemical composition of the oils of the two mint species under different heat shock stresses in growth chambers. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils was also evaluated; microscopic observation (fluorescence and electron transmission) was used to assess the effect of the tested samples on bacterial growth. The results obtained shed light on the mint essential oils composition and biological activity in relation to heat stress.

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          Heat tolerance in plants: An overview

          Mazlan A. Wahid, S GELANI, M. I. Ashraf … (2007)
          Article 0 comments Cited 885 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants.

            D. W. LAWLOR, G. Cornic (2002)
            Experimental studies on CO2 assimilation of mesophytic C3 plants in relation to relative water content (RWC) are discussed. Decreasing RWC slows the actual rate of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A) and decreases the potential rate (Apot). Generally, as RWC falls from c. 100 to c. 75%, the stomatal conductance (gs) decreases, and with it A. However, there are two general types of relation of Apot to RWC, which are called Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 has two main phases. As RWC decreases from 100 to c. 75%, Apot is unaffected, but decreasing stomatal conductance (gs) results in smaller A, and lower CO2 concentration inside the leaf (Ci) and in the chloroplast (Cc), the latter falling possibly to the compensation point. Down-regulation of electron transport occurs by energy quenching mechanisms, and changes in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism are considered acclimatory, caused by low Ci and reversible by elevated CO2. Below 75% RWC, there is metabolic inhibition of Apot, inhibition of A then being partly (but progressively less) reversible by elevated CO2; gs regulates A progressively less, and Ci and CO2 compensation point, Gamma rise. It is suggested that this is the true stress phase, where the decrease in Apot is caused by decreased ATP synthesis and a consequent decreased synthesis of RuBP. In the Type 2 response, Apot decreases progressively at RWC 100 to 75%, with A being progressively less restored to the unstressed value by elevated CO2. Decreased gs leads to a lower Ci and Cc but they probably do not reach compensation point: gs becomes progressively less important and metabolic limitations more important as RWC falls. The primary effect of low RWC on Apot is most probably caused by limited RuBP synthesis, as a result of decreased ATP synthesis, either through inhibition of Coupling Factor activity or amount due to increased ion concentration. Carbohydrate synthesis and accumulation decrease. Type 2 response is considered equivalent to Type 1 at RWC below c. 75%, with Apot inhibited by limited ATP and RuBP synthesis, respiratory metabolism dominates and Ci and Gamma rise. The importance of inhibited ATP synthesis as a primary cause of decreasing Apot is discussed. Factors determining the Type 1 and Type 2 responses are unknown. Electron transport is maintained (but down-regulated) in Types 1 and 2 over a wide range of RWC, and a large reduced/oxidized adenylate ratio results. Metabolic imbalance results in amino acid accumulation and decreased and altered protein synthesis. These conditions profoundly affect cell functions and ultimately cause cell death. Type 1 and 2 responses may reflect differences in gs and in sensitivity of metabolism to decreasing RWC.
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              Reactive oxygen species and temperature stresses: A delicate balance between signaling and destruction

              Nobuhiro Suzuki, Ron Mittler (2006)
              Article 0 comments Cited 225 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Molecules
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Molecules
                Journal ID (publisher-id): molecules
                Title: Molecules : A Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1420-3049
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 July 2018
                Publication date Collection: August 2018
                Volume: 23
                Issue: 8
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1903
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 31787-316 Karaj, Iran; milad.heydari@ 123456ut.ac.ir (M.H.); ashah@ 123456ut.ac.ir (A.A.S.B.)
                [2 ]Department of Biology—University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; anna.zanfardino@ 123456unina.it (A.Z.); viviana.maresca@ 123456unina.it (V.M.); michela.dinapoli@ 123456unina.it (M.D.N.); mario.varcamonti@ 123456unina.it (M.V.)
                [3 ]Medicinal Plants and Drug Research Institute, ShahidBeheshti University, G.C. Tehran 11369, Iran; j_hadian@ 123456sbu.ac.ir
                [4 ]C.e.S.M.A. University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; sersorbo@ 123456unina.it
                [5 ]Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; drigano@ 123456unina.it
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: ataleei@ 123456ut.ac.ir (A.T.); adbasile@ 123456unina.it (A.B.); Tel.: +39-0812538508 (A.B.)
                [†]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9176-8044
                Article
                Publisher ID: molecules-23-01903
                DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081903
                PMC ID: 6222296
                PubMed ID: 30061551
                SO-VID: 6b7ccb6b-d714-4cd3-947e-f141714ee6c3
                Copyright © © 2018 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 20 July 2018
                Date accepted : 28 July 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: mentha x piperita,mentha arvensis,essential oils,heat stress,antibacterial activity,monoterpenes
                Data availability:
                Keywords: mentha x piperita, mentha arvensis, essential oils, heat stress, antibacterial activity, monoterpenes

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