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      Dibenzo-p-dioxinas policloradas y dibenzofuranos en peces de cuatro regiones diferentes de México Translated title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in fish from four different regions of Mexico

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          Abstract

          Las dibenzo-p-dioxinas policloradas y los dibenzofuranos policlorados (PCDDs/Fs), conocidos comúnmente como dioxinas, han sido reconocidos como contaminantes ambientales ubicuos. De entre todos los congéneres, los 2,3,7,8-sustituidos, los compuestos más tóxicos, fueron medidos en tejido de peces (Caranx caninus, Caranx hippos y Chirostoma estor estor) de tres regiones marinas y una laguna dulceacuícola de México. Las muestras estuvieron disponibles a nivel comercial y se adquirieron entre septiembre y diciembre de 2005 en Ensenada (Océano Pacífico), El Barril (Golfo de California), Ciudad del Carmen (Golfo de México) y el Lago de Pátzcuaro (centro del país). Las muestras de peces fueron analizadas usando cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas de alta resolución. Las concentraciones medias del total de PCDDs/Fs variaron de 0.3 a 1.6 pg g-1 de peso húmedo en el siguiente orden: Pátzcuaro > Ciudad del Carmen > El Barril > Ensenada. Se encontró un perfil de congéneres particular para cada región estudiada, pero los congéneres OCDD y OCDF fueron relativamente importantes en todos los sitios de muestreo. En base al peso húmedo, las concentraciones totales de PCDDs/Fs y sus equivalentes tóxicos, encontradas en este estudio, fueron más bajas o estuvieron en el mismo intervalo que las de otros sitios alrededor del mundo, pero en base al contenido de lípidos, los equivalentes tóxicos de los peces de Pátzcuaro fueron mayores que algunos sitios. La ingesta de dioxinas fue calculada considerando porciones de filete de 200 g usando nuestros resultados, y ninguno de los peces muestreados en este estudio alcanzó la ingesta diaria tolerable establecida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Hasta donde tenemos conocimiento, éste es el primer reporte sobre niveles de PCDDs/Fs en peces de México.

          Translated abstract

          Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), known commonly as dioxins, have been recognized as ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Among those, the 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners, the most toxic compounds, were measured in fish tissue (Caranx caninus, Caranx hippos and Chirostoma estor estor) from three marine regions and one freshwater lagoon in Mexico. Samples were commercially available and were acquired between September and December 2005 in Ensenada (Pacific Ocean), El Barril (Gulf of California), Carmen City (Gulf of Mexico) and Patzcuaro Lake (central Mexico). The fish samples were analyzed using gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. Mean concentrations of total PCDDs/Fs ranged from 0.3 to 1.6 pg g-1 wet weight and were in the following order: Patzcuaro > Carmen City > El Barril > Ensenada. A particular congener profile was found for every studied region, but OCDD and OCDF were relatively important congeners at all the sites. On a wet weight basis, the total concentrations of PCDDs/Fs and their toxic equivalents (TEQs) found in this study were lower or in the same range as those for other sites around the world, but on a lipid weight basis, TEQs from the Patzcuaro samples were higher than some other sites. Dioxin intake was calculated considering fillet portions of 200 g using our results, and none of the fish sampled in this study reached the tolerable daily intake established by the World Health Organization. To our knowledge, this is the first report to document PCDD/F levels in fish from Mexico.

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          Most cited references36

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          Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife.

          An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and held in Stockholm on 15-18 June 1997. The objective of this meeting was to derive consensus toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxinlike polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for both human, fish, and wildlife risk assessment. Based on existing literature data, TEFs were (re)evaluated and either revised (mammals) or established (fish and birds). A few mammalian WHO-TEFs were revised, including 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DF, and PCB 77. These mammalian TEFs are also considered applicable for humans and wild mammalian species. Furthermore, it was concluded that there was insufficient in vivo evidence to continue the use of TEFs for some di-ortho PCBs, as suggested earlier by Ahlborg et al. [Chemosphere 28:1049-1067 (1994)]. In addition, TEFs for fish and birds were determined. The WHO working group attempted to harmonize TEFs across different taxa to the extent possible. However, total synchronization of TEFs was not feasible, as there were orders of a magnitude difference in TEFs between taxa for some compounds. In this respect, the absent or very low response of fish to mono-ortho PCBs is most noticeable compared to mammals and birds. Uncertainties that could compromise the TEF concept were also reviewed, including nonadditive interactions, differences in shape of the dose-response curve, and species responsiveness. In spite of these uncertainties, it was concluded that the TEF concept is still the most plausible and feasible approach for risk assessment of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with dioxinlike properties.
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            • Record: found
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            Environmental fate of combustion-generated polychlorinated dioxins and furans

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              Study on PCBs, PCDD/Fs, organochlorine pesticides, heavy metals and arsenic content in freshwater fish species from the River Turia (Spain)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ciemar
                Ciencias marinas
                Cienc. mar
                Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas (Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico )
                0185-3880
                2007
                : 33
                : 2
                : 217-227
                Affiliations
                [01] Ensenada Baja California orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Baja California orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Marinas orgdiv2Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas México
                [02] Ensenada Baja California orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Baja California orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas México vmacias@ 123456uabc.mx
                Article
                S0185-38802007000200008 S0185-3880(07)03300200008
                6ed43fae-78ab-47cc-a5b6-f0abbac47cd5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : November 2006
                : April 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Notas de investigación

                polychlorinated dibenzofurans,fish,Caranx caninus,Caranx hippos,Chirostoma estor estor,Mexico,dibenzo-p-dioxinas policloradas,dibenzofuranos policlorados,peces,México,polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

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