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      Hybridization with Fagopyrum cymosum Meisn. as a way to make cultivated Tartary buckwheat ( F. tataricum Gaertn.) with grain characteristics typical for common buckwheat ( F. esculentum Moench.)

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          Abstract

          Compared to common buckwheat ( F. esculentum), Tartary buckwheat ( F. tataricum) is very polymorphic in the type of seeds, but a seed type which is typical for F. esculentum, i.e. triangular seeds with flat sides and clear ribs, has been not found among the polymorphism. However, such seed type is typical for wild species F. cymosum which produces fertile hybrids in crosses with F. tataricum. Embryo rescue based interspecific cross F. esculentum × F. cymosum allowed reveal functional allelism of the genes determining the similar morphs of these species’ seeds, i.e. the seed type resulted from mutation(s) at same gene. The gene can be assigned as TAN (triangular). Variation for the seed shell thickness among recessives for the TAN carrying about 12% of F. tataricum genome, together with the shell thickness of a seed from the F 1 hybrid F. esculentum × F. cymosum compared to ones of the parents, suggests there are some genes influencing seed shell thickness. Also, it was supported by analyses of seeds characteristics of Tartary-based forms with some share of F. cymosum genetic material. In addition, cross F. tataricum × F. cymosum looks like an effective tool to increase 1000-seed weight of Tartary buckwheat-based breeding material.

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          Most cited references15

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          Chemical composition and health effects of Tartary buckwheat.

          Fan Zhu (2016)
          Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) contains a range of nutrients including bioactive carbohydrates and proteins, polyphenols, phytosterols, vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals. The unique composition of Tartary buckwheat contributes to their various health benefits such as anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-diabetic, cholesterol-lowering, and cognition-improving. Compared with the more widely cultivated and utilised common buckwheat (F. esculentum), Tartary buckwheat tends to contain higher amounts of certain bioactive components such as rutin, therefore, showing higher efficiency in preventing/treating various disorders. This review summarises the current knowledge of the chemical composition of Tartary buckwheat, and their bio-functions as studied by both in vitro and in vivo models. Tartary buckwheat can be further developed as a sustainable crop for functional food production to improve human health.
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            Tartary buckwheat breeding (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Gaertn.) through hybridization with its rice-tartary type

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              Antigenotoxic effect of Tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum) and common (Fagopyrum esculentum) buckwheat flour.

              The aim of our work was to determine and to compare the possible antigenotoxic effect of methanolic extracts of common buckwheat (CB) and Tartary buckwheat (TB) flour, containing naturally present rutin (R), and quercetin (Q), and of R and Q in chemical form, against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) induced DNA damage in human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). R and Q content of CB and TB flour extracts was determined by reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography and antigenotoxic effect of flour extracts, R and Q was evaluated using the comet assay. R (100 μM) and Q (50 μM) decreased the extent of t-BOOH induced DNA damage for 51% and 67%, respectively. CB and TB flour extracts showed high antioxidant capacity and prominent genoprotective ability. CB extract containing up to 0.1 μM R decreased t-BOOH induced DNA damage for 34%, and TB extract containing up to 12.64 μM R, and 2.86 μM Q for 40%. The obtained results show high antigenotoxic activity of buckwheat and furthermore, they suggest that complex nutrient and flavonoid rich food products are more efficient in their health promoting effects compared to a single active substance.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Breed Sci
                Breed Sci
                jsbbs
                Breeding Science
                Japanese Society of Breeding
                1344-7610
                1347-3735
                June 2022
                17 June 2022
                : 72
                : 3
                : 232-237
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Lab of Buckwheat Breeding, Federal Scientific Center of Grain Legumes and Groats Crops , 302502, p/o Streletskoe, Orel, Russia
                [2 ] Department of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology, Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev , 302026, Komsomolskaya 95, Orel, Russia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author (e-mail: ivanfesenko@ 123456rambler.ru )

                Communicated by Sun-Hee Woo

                Article
                JST.JSTAGE/jsbbs/21086 21086
                10.1270/jsbbs.21086
                9653194
                36408320
                6f12628b-d5a8-49e8-a3c0-260afd8ab69f
                Copyright © 2022 by JAPANESE SOCIETY OF BREEDING

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (BY) License (CC-BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 28 September 2021
                : 6 April 2022
                Categories
                Research Paper

                Animal agriculture
                buckwheat,fagopyrum tataricum,interspecific hybridization,seed type
                Animal agriculture
                buckwheat, fagopyrum tataricum, interspecific hybridization, seed type

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