2
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Trombosis venosa mesentérica y portal como causa infrecuente de obstrucción e isquemia intestinal en paciente joven. Reporte de caso Translated title: Mesenteric and Portal Venous Thrombosis as an infrequent cause of intestinal Obstruction and Ischemia in young patients. A case report

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Resumen La isquemia mesentérica aguda se asocia a una mortalidad de entre el 50 y el 100%, la causa más rara de esta es la trombosis venosa de los vasos mesentéricos (5%) y portal (1%). Las manifestaciones clínicas son diversas, siendo el dolor abdominal el principal síntoma. La tomografía computarizada con contraste intravenoso en fase portal es la imagen más precisa para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento en fase aguda se basa en anticoagulación, fluidos intravenosos, antibióticos profilácticos, descanso intestinal y descompresión. La laparotomía de control de daños, incluida la resección intestinal y el abdomen abierto, pueden estar justificados en última instancia para pacientes con necrosis intestinal y sepsis. Caso clínico: Hombre de 35 años, sin antecedentes de importancia, solo tabaquismo desde hace 15 años. Refirió que 5 días previos comenzó a presentar dolor en el epigastrio tipo cólico, de intensidad moderada, posteriormente refirió que el dolor se generalizó y aumentó de intensidad, acompañado de náusea, vómito, intolerancia a la vía oral y alza térmica. Al examen físico tuvo datos de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, estaba consciente y orientado, con abdomen doloroso a la palpación superficial y profunda a nivel generalizado, pero acentuado en el flanco derecho, rebote positivo con resistencia, timpanismo generalizado, peristalsis ausente. Se ingresó a quirófano a laparotomía exploradora, encontrando lesión a intestinal isquémica-necrótica a 190-240 cm del ángulo de Treitz, y 400 cc de líquido hemático; se realizó resección de la parte intestinal afectada, con entero-enteroanastomosis término-terminal manual. Se envió pieza a patología, y se reportó un proceso inflamatorio agudo con necrosis transmural y congestión vascular. Ante estos hallazgos se realizó angiotomografía abdominal que reportó defecto de llenado en la vena mesentérica superior, secundario a trombosis que se extendía hasta la confluencia y la vena porta. Conclusión: La trombosis venosa mesentérica y portal es una patología muy infrecuente en pacientes jóvenes sin factores de riesgo en los que se presenta dolor abdominal. El diagnóstico es complejo debido a que los datos clínicos y de laboratorio son poco específicos. Sin embargo, debemos tenerla en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de etiologías de dolor abdominal.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Acute Mesenteric Ischemia is associated with a mortality rate between 50% and 100%; the rarest cause of this is venous thrombosis of the mesenteric (5%) and portal (1%) vessels. The clinical manifestations are diverse, with abdominal pain being the main symptom. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast in the portal phase is the most accurate image for diagnosis. Treatment in the acute phase is based on anticoagulation, intravenous fluids, prophylactic antibiotics, intestinal rest, and decompression. Damage control laparotomy, including bowel resection and open abdomen, may ultimately be warranted for patients with bowel necrosis and sepsis. Clinical case: 35-year-old man, with no significant history, only smoking for 15 years. For 5 days before, he reported crampy epigastric pain of moderate intensity. He subsequently reported that the pain became generalized and increased in intensity, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, oral intolerance, and temperature rise. The physical examination showed signs of a systemic inflammatory response, conscious and oriented, abdomen painful on superficial and deep palpation at a generalized level but accentuated on the right flank, positive rebound with resistance, generalized tympanism, absent peristalsis. The operating room was entered for exploratory laparotomy, finding an ischemic-necrotic intestinal lesion at 190 - 240 cm from the angle of Treitz, and 400cc of blood fluid. Resection of the affected intestinal part is performed, with entire manual terminal end anastomosis. The specimen was sent to pathology, reporting an acute inflammatory process with transmural necrosis and vascular congestion. Given these findings, abdominal CT angiography was performed, which reported a filling defect in the superior mesenteric vein, secondary to thrombosis that extended to the confluence and the portal vein. Conclusion: Mesenteric and portal venous thrombosis is a very rare pathology in young patients without risk factors in whom abdominal pain occurs. The diagnosis is complex because the clinical and laboratory data are not very specific. However, we must take it into account in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain etiologies.

          Related collections

          Most cited references11

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Clinical implications of CT findings in mesenteric venous thrombosis at admission

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Diagnostic accuracy of hematological parameters in Acute mesenteric ischemia-A systematic review

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis results in high rates of readmission and morbidity

              Superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a poorly understood clinical entity, and as such, outcomes are poorly described. This study aimed to identify predictors of bowel ischemia after MVT and to compare outcomes for patients treated medically (group 1) with those for patients treated with bowel resection (group 2). This was a retrospective, single-institution study capturing all patients diagnosed with symptomatic acute MVT on computed tomography imaging from 2008 to 2018. Demographics, comorbidities, imaging, laboratory values, and treatment were included. Predictors of bowel resection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistics. Outcomes including mortality, readmissions for abdominal pain, and chronic mesenteric venous congestion were compared using χ 2 test. There were 121 patients included in the study; 98 patients were treated medically (group 1), 19 patients were treated with bowel resection (group 2), and 4 patients were treated with endovascular recanalization (group 3). Group 1 and group 2 were compared directly. Patients requiring bowel resection tended to have higher body mass index ( P = .051) and a hypercoagulable disorder ( P = .003). Patients who required bowel resection were more likely to present with lactic acidosis ( P < .001) and leukocytosis ( P < .001) with bowel wall thickening on scan ( P < .001). On multivariable analysis, a genetic thrombophilia was a strong predictor of bowel ischemia (odds ratio, 3.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–12.37). One-year mortality and readmission rates did not differ between groups. However, readmission rates for abdominal pain were high for both groups (group 1, 44.90%; group 2, 57.89%; P = .317), and a significant proportion of patients exhibited chronic mesenteric venous congestion on repeated scan (group 1, 42.86%; group 2, 47.37%; P = .104). A genetic hypercoagulable disorder is a predictor of bowel ischemia due to MVT. Regardless of treatment, outcomes after MVT are morbid, with high rates of readmission for abdominal pain. An alternative approach to treat these patients is needed, given the poor outcomes with current strategies.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                facmed
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina (México)
                Rev. Fac. Med. (Méx.)
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0026-1742
                2448-4865
                December 2023
                : 66
                : 6
                : 29-34
                Affiliations
                [3] Badajoz orgnameHospital Materno-Infantil de Badajoz España
                [2] Acapulco de Juárez Guerrero orgnameHospital General CD Renacimiento México
                [1] Estado de México orgnameHospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca México
                Article
                S0026-17422023000600029 S0026-1742(23)06600600029
                10.22201/fm.24484865e.2023.66.6.05
                712770f0-6b2e-4dff-b11d-302075b8d450

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 August 2023
                : 27 March 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 11, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Caso clínico radiológico

                isquemia intestinal,trombosis venosa portal,Trombosis venosa mesentérica,abdominal pain,intestinal obstruction,intestinal ischemia,portal vein thrombosis,Mesenteric venous thrombosis,obstrucción intestinal,dolor abdominal

                Comments

                Comment on this article