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      Clinimetric properties of a smartphone application to measure the craniovertebral angle in different age groups and positions

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          Abstract

          Background

          Craniovertebral angle (CVA) alteration is a causative factor for the neck, shoulder, and temporomandibular joints disorders. Therefore, as an outcome measure for therapeutic intervention, measuring the craniovertebral angle with the Surgimap smartphone app is a cost-effective, easily accessible, and reliable tool. This study's objective was to assess the clinimetric properties of the Surgimap smartphone application with Surgimap system software to measure the Craniovertebral Angle in different age groups and positions.

          Method

          Ninety subjects with neck pain were randomly allocated to aged between 18 and 30 years (Group A; n = 45) and 45–60 years (Group B; n = 45). Using the Surgimap smartphone application and Surgimap system software, the craniovertebral angle was measured objectively in the sagittal plane. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to determine validity and reliability. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curves (AUC) were determined to distinguish participants with and without forward head posture.

          Result

          The result of this study shows that Smartphone Surgimap Application and Surgimap System Software correlate 0.95 and have p-values of 0.01 for diverse positions and ages. CVA measurement in the sitting position was significantly lower than in the standing position, regardless of methodology or age. Both positions demonstrated high intra-rater reliability, as evidenced by Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) between 0.972 and 0.991. The minimum detectable change (MDC) values ranged from 1.3 to 1.733, indicating high measurement accuracy. The smartphone application demonstrated outstanding diagnostic sensitivity (100.00% for Group A standing) and specificity (93.55% for Group B standing).

          Conclusion

          The Surgimap smartphone application is a reliable and accurate method for craniovertebral angle measurement and is useful for measuring outcomes. Also standing posture was found to be better than sitting posture while measuring the CVA.

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          Most cited references26

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          The influence of different sitting postures on head/neck posture and muscle activity.

          Joao Caneiro, Peter O'Sullivan, Angus Burnett … (2010)
          To date the influence that specific sitting posture has on the head/neck posture and cervico-thoracic muscle activity has been insufficiently investigated. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate whether three different thoraco-lumbar sitting postures affect head/neck posture and cervico-thoracic muscle activity. Twenty (10 men, 10 women) asymptomatic subjects were placed in 3 standardized thoraco-lumbar sitting postures (lumbo-pelvic, thoracic upright and slump) to investigate their influence on cervico-thoracic muscle activity and head/neck posture. There were significant differences in lumbar and thoracic curvatures in the 3 different sitting postures (P<0.002). Slump sitting was associated with greater head/neck flexion, anterior translation of the head (P<0.001) and increased muscle activity of cervical erector spinae (CES) compared to thoracic and lumbo-pelvic sitting (P=0.001). Thoracic upright sitting showed increased muscle activity of thoracic erector spinae (TES) compared to slump and lumbo-pelvic postures (P=0.015). Upper trapezius (UT) demonstrated no significant difference in muscle activation in the 3 sitting postures (P<0.991). This study demonstrates that different sitting postures affect head/neck posture and cervico-thoracic muscle activity. It highlights the potential importance of thoraco-lumbar spine postural adjustment when training head/neck posture.
          Article 0 comments Cited 57 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Forward head posture and neck mobility in chronic tension-type headache: a blinded, controlled study.

            C Cöl, M. Cuadrado, Federico Blanco … (2006)
            Forward head posture (FHP) and neck mobility were objectively assessed in 25 patients with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and 25 healthy controls. Side-view pictures were taken in a sitting position to measure the cranio-vertebral angle. A cervical goniometer was employed to measure the range of all cervical motions. Patients with CTTH showed a smaller cranio-vertebral angle (45.3 degrees +/- 7.6 degrees) than controls (54.1 degrees +/- 6.3 degrees), thus presenting a greater FHP (P < 0.001). Patients also had lesser neck mobility for all cervical movements, except for right lateral flexion (P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the cranio-vertebral angle and neck mobility. Within the CTTH group, a negative correlation was found between the cranio-vertebral angle and headache frequency, but neck mobility did not correlate with headache parameters. Further research is needed to define a potential role of FHP and restricted neck mobility in the origin or maintenance of TTH.
            Article 0 comments Cited 52 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              A field comparison of neck and shoulder postures in symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers.

              Grace Szeto, Cedric Raine, Leon Straker (2001)
              Poor neck and shoulder postures have been suggested to be a cause of neck and shoulder pain in computer workers. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the head, neck and shoulder postures of office workers with and without symptoms in these regions, in their actual work environments. The two all female subject groups reported significantly different discomfort scores across five trials repeated in a single working day. The results of repeated video capture and two-dimensional motion analysis showed that there were trends for increased head tilt and neck flexion postures in the symptomatic subjects (n = 8), compared to the asymptomatic subjects (n = 8). Symptomatic subjects also tended to have more protracted acromions compared with asymptomatic subjects and showed greater movement excursions in the head segment and the acromion. All subjects demonstrated an approximately 10% increase in forward head posture from their relaxed sitting postures when working with the computer display, but there were no significant changes in posture as a result of time-at-work.
              Article 0 comments Cited 48 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Aafreen
                Ashfaque Khan
                Ausaf Ahmad
                Abdur Raheem Khan
                Mohammed M. Alameer
                Ahmad H. Hakamy
                Mohammed A. Hakami
                Yousef M. Alshehre
                Mohammed Aljahni
                Karthick Balasubramanian
                Mohammed M. Alshehri
                Mohammad Abu Shaphe
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Heliyon
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Heliyon
                Title: Heliyon
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2405-8440
                Publication date PMC-release: 01 September 2023
                Publication date Collection: September 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 September 2023
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 9
                Electronic Location Identifier: e19336
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Physiotherapy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
                [b ]Department of Community Medicine, Integral University, Lucknow, India
                [c ]Physical Therapy Department King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                [d ]Medical Rehabilitation Center of King Fahad Central Hospital of Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                [e ]Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Advance Rehabilitation Clinic, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                [f ]Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
                [g ]Physical Education Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. abdul.fortis@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2405-8440(23)06544-1 Publisher ID: e19336
                DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19336
                PMC ID: 10558335
                PubMed ID: 37810069
                SO-VID: 7167f436-1d53-4ad4-9ae6-9f89a596c7b1
                Copyright © © 2023 The Authors
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 28 April 2023
                Date revision received : 15 August 2023
                Date accepted : 18 August 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                Keywords: surgimap system software,surgimap smartphone application,craniovertebral angle,validity,reliability
                Data availability:
                Keywords: surgimap system software, surgimap smartphone application, craniovertebral angle, validity, reliability

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