36
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      A Randomized Trial of Deferred Stenting Versus Immediate Stenting to Prevent No- or Slow-Reflow in Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (DEFER-STEMI)

      research-article
      , BMedSci, MBChB , , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, PhD , , PhD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, PhD , , MBChB , , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD § , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB, MD , , MBChB , , , MSc , , MBChB , , BMedSci , , MPH , , MD , , PhD , , MBChB, PhD , ,
      Journal of the American College of Cardiology
      Elsevier Biomedical
      deferred stenting, myocardial infarction, myocardial salvage, no-reflow, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, ECG, electrocardiogram, IQR, interquartile range, MRI, magnetic resonance imaging, PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention, STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, TIMI, Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objectives

          The aim of this study was to assess whether deferred stenting might reduce no-reflow and salvage myocardium in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

          Background

          No-reflow is associated with adverse outcomes in STEMI.

          Methods

          This was a prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept trial in reperfused STEMI patients with ≥1 risk factors for no-reflow. Randomization was to deferred stenting with an intention-to-stent 4 to 16 h later or conventional treatment with immediate stenting. The primary outcome was the incidence of no-/slow-reflow (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction ≤2). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed 2 days and 6 months after myocardial infarction. Myocardial salvage was the final infarct size indexed to the initial area at risk.

          Results

          Of 411 STEMI patients (March 11, 2012 to November 21, 2012), 101 patients (mean age, 60 years; 69% male) were randomized (52 to the deferred stenting group, 49 to the immediate stenting). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) time to the second procedure in the deferred stenting group was 9 h (IQR: 6 to 12 h). Fewer patients in the deferred stenting group had no-/slow-reflow (14 [29%] vs. 3 [6%]; p = 0.006), no reflow (7 [14%] vs. 1 [2%]; p = 0.052) and intraprocedural thrombotic events (16 [33%] vs. 5 [10%]; p = 0.010). Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction coronary flow grades at the end of PCI were higher in the deferred stenting group (p = 0.018). Recurrent STEMI occurred in 2 patients in the deferred stenting group before the second procedure. Myocardial salvage index at 6 months was greater in the deferred stenting group (68 [IQR: 54% to 82%] vs. 56 [IQR: 31% to 72%]; p = 0.031].

          Conclusions

          In high-risk STEMI patients, deferred stenting in primary PCI reduced no-reflow and increased myocardial salvage. (Deferred Stent Trial in STEMI; NCT01717573)

          Related collections

          Most cited references19

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials.

          Many trials have been done to compare primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with thrombolytic therapy for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (AMI). Our aim was to look at the combined results of these trials and to ascertain which reperfusion therapy is most effective. We did a search of published work and identified 23 trials, which together randomly assigned 7739 thrombolytic-eligible patients with ST-segment elevation AMI to primary PTCA (n=3872) or thrombolytic therapy (n=3867). Streptokinase was used in eight trials (n=1837), and fibrin-specific agents in 15 (n=5902). Most patients who received thrombolytic therapy (76%, n=2939) received a fibrin-specific agent. Stents were used in 12 trials, and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in eight. We identified short-term and long-term clinical outcomes of death, non-fatal reinfarction, and stroke, and did subgroup analyses to assess the effect of type of thrombolytic agent used and the strategy of emergent hospital transfer for primary PTCA. All analyses were done with and without inclusion of the SHOCK trial data. Primary PTCA was better than thrombolytic therapy at reducing overall short-term death (7% [n=270] vs 9% [360]; p=0.0002), death excluding the SHOCK trial data (5% [199] vs 7% [276]; p=0.0003), non-fatal reinfarction (3% [80] vs 7% [222]; p<0.0001), stroke (1% [30] vs 2% [64]; p=0.0004), and the combined endpoint of death, non-fatal reinfarction, and stroke (8% [253] vs 14% [442]; p<0.0001). The results seen with primary PTCA remained better than those seen with thrombolytic therapy during long-term follow-up, and were independent of both the type of thrombolytic agent used, and whether or not the patient was transferred for primary PTCA. Primary PTCA is more effective than thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of ST-segment elevation AMI.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            TIMI frame count: a quantitative method of assessing coronary artery flow.

            Although the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade is valuable and widely used qualitative measure in angiographic trials, it is limited by its subjective and categorical nature. In normal patients and patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) (TIMI 4), the number of cineframes needed for dye to reach standardized distal landmarks was counted to objectively assess an index of coronary blood flow as a continuous variable. The TIMI frame-counting method was reproducible (mean absolute difference between two injections, 4.7 +/- 3.9 frames, n=85). In 78 consecutive normal arteries, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) TIMI frame count (36.2 +/- 2.6 frames) was 1.7 times longer than the mean of the right coronary artery (20.4 +/- 3.0) and circumflex counts (22.2 +/- 4.1, P < .001 for either versus LAD). Therefore, the longer LAD frame counts were corrected by dividing by 1.7 to derive the corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC). The mean CTFC in culprit arteries 90 minutes after thrombolytic administration followed a continuous unimodal distribution (there were not subpopulations of slow and fast flow) with a mean value of 39.2 +/- 20.0 frames, which improved to 31.7 +/- 12.9 frames by 18 to 36 hours (P < .001). No correlation existed between improvements in CTFCs and changes in minimum lumen diameter (r=-.05, P=.59). The mean 90-minute CTFC among nonculprit arteries (25.5 +/- 9.8) was significantly higher (flow was slower) compared with arteries with normal flow in the absence of acute MI (21.0 +/- 3.1, P < .001) but improved to that of normal arteries by 1 day after thrombolysis (21.7 +/- 7.1, P=NS). The CTFC is a simple, reproducible, objective and quantitative index of coronary flow that allows standardization of TIMI flow grades and facilitates comparisons of angiographic end points between trials. Disordered resistance vessel function may account in part for reductions in flow in the early hours after thrombolysis.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Cardiac death and reinfarction after 1 year in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS): a 1-year follow-up study.

              Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction can be complicated by spontaneous or angioplasty-induced embolisation of atherothrombotic material. Distal blockage induces microvascular obstruction and can result in less than optimum reperfusion of viable myocardium. The Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS) found that thrombus aspiration resulted in improved myocardial reperfusion compared with conventional PCI, but whether this benefit improves clinical outcome is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether the early efficacy of thrombus aspiration seen in TAPAS translated into clinical benefit after 1 year. Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction enrolled at the University Medical Centre Groningen were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either thrombus aspiration or conventional treatment, before undergoing initial coronary angiography. Exclusion criteria were rescue PCI after thrombolysis and known existence of a concomitant disease with life expectancy less than 6 months. Of the 1071 patients enrolled between January, 2005, and December, 2006, vital status at or beyond 1 year after randomisation was available for 1060 (99%). The primary endpoint was cardiac death or non-fatal reinfarction after 1 year, and analysis was by intention to treat. The TAPAS trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials number ISRCTN16716833. Cardiac death at 1 year was 3.6% (19 of 535 patients) in the thrombus aspiration group and 6.7% (36 of 536) in the conventional PCI group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.93; 95% CI 1.11-3.37; p=0.020). 1-year cardiac death or non-fatal reinfarction occurred in 5.6% (30 of 535) of patients in the thrombus aspiration group and 9.9% (53 of 536) of patients in the conventional PCI group (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.16-2.84; p=0.009). Compared with conventional PCI, thrombus aspiration before stenting of the infarcted artery seems to improve the 1-year clinical outcome after PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Am Coll Cardiol
                J. Am. Coll. Cardiol
                Journal of the American College of Cardiology
                Elsevier Biomedical
                0735-1097
                1558-3597
                27 May 2014
                27 May 2014
                : 63
                : 20
                : 2088-2098
                Affiliations
                []BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
                []West of Scotland Heart and Lung Center, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Dunbartonshire, United Kingdom
                []Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
                [§ ]Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
                []Hairmyres Hospital, Lanarkshire, United Kingdom
                []Cardiovascular Research Foundation and Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
                Author notes
                [] Reprint requests and correspondence: Professor Colin Berry, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland. colin.berry@ 123456glasgow.ac.uk
                Article
                S0735-1097(14)01157-7
                10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.530
                4029071
                24583294
                72da698f-bccb-4d24-8abf-19f0ea53a71a
                © 2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                History
                : 5 December 2013
                : 31 January 2014
                : 4 February 2014
                Categories
                Clinical Research
                Interventional Cardiology

                Cardiovascular Medicine
                deferred stenting,myocardial infarction,myocardial salvage,no-reflow,primary percutaneous coronary intervention,ecg, electrocardiogram,iqr, interquartile range,mri, magnetic resonance imaging,pci, percutaneous coronary intervention,stemi, st-segment elevation myocardial infarction,timi, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction

                Comments

                Comment on this article