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      Reproductive efficiency of adult and prepubertal goats subjected to repeated follicular aspiration Translated title: Eficiência reprodutiva em cabras adultas e pré-púberes após repetidas sessões de aspiração folicular

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          Abstract

          The objective of this study was to assess the reproductive response of adult and prepubertal goats subjected to repeated laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU). The study animals were divided into two groups, specifically, adult nanny goats (GA, n=10) and prepubertal nanny goats (GP, n=10), which were subjected to estrous synchronization and ovarian stimulation for LOPU. Both groups underwent six LOPU procedures at seven-day intervals and were subsequently subjected to controlled mating and pregnancy diagnosis to evaluate their future fertility. The study showed a reduction in the number of follicles visualized and in the amount and quality of the oocytes that were recovered and exposed to in vitro maturation. As indicated by the fertility test, however, no complications were found during the laparoscopic procedures that would impair the reproductive future of the animals. Therefore, a viable number of oocytes were obtained even with the decreased reproductive efficiency, proving that repeated LOPUs do not interfere with the reproductive of adult and prepubertal nanny goats. These results indicate a positive aspect of this procedure, allowing for increasing reproductive performance of this kind, when used for the production in vitro.

          Translated abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta reprodutiva de cabras adultas e pré-púberes submetidas a repetidas aspirações foliculares por videolaparoscopia (LOPU). Os animais do estudo foram divididos em dois grupos, especificamente cabras adultas (GA, n = 10) e pré-púberes (GP, n = 10), que foram submetidas a sincronização de estro e estimulação ovariana para LOPU. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a seis procedimentos LOPU em intervalos de sete dias e foram posteriormente submetidos à monta controlada e posterior diagnóstico de gestação para avaliar sua fertilidade. O estudo mostrou uma diminuição do número de folículos visualizados, na quantidade e na qualidade dos oócitos que foram recuperados e expostos à maturação in vitro. Tal como indicado pelo teste de fertilidade, no entanto, não foram observadas grandes complicações durante os procedimentos laparoscópicos que pudessem prejudicar o futuro reprodutivo dos animais. Portanto, foi obtido um número de oócitos viáveis, mesmo com a diminuição da eficiência reprodutiva, provando que repetidas LOPU não interferem na reprodutividade de animais adultos e pré-púberes. Estes resultados indicam um aspecto positivo desse procedimento, possibilitando um aumento da eficiência reprodutiva dessa espécie quando utilizado para a produção in vitro.

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            Regulation of ovarian follicular dynamics in farm animals. Implications for manipulation of reproduction.

            In this review, the main features of folliculogenesis are summarized and compared among species. In the past few years, ultrasonography has clarified follicle growth patterns, and our understanding of follicle maturation has improved considerably. As the follicles develop towards the ovulatory stage, three features appear to be highly conserved across all species: 1) the sequence of events (recruitment, selection and dominance); 2) the sequential need for gonadotropins (FSH for recruitment, LH for dominance) and 3) the large variability of numerical parameters (number of waves per cycle, number of follicles per wave) as well as temporal requirements (time of selection, duration of dominance). In addition, specific follicles may also have variable gonadotropin requirements (thresholds). When patterns of follicle development at different physiological states are compared across species, follicular waves were detected in cattle, sheep and horses and during the prepubertal period in swine, suggesting that ovaries of all species operate on a wave basis unless they are prevented from doing so. Efficient estrus control treatments should have the ability to affect 1) the wave pattern by preventing the development of persistent dominant follicles containing aging oocytes, and 2) the recruitment of the future ovulatory follicle whatever the stage of the wave at the time of treatment. This would allow synchronous ovulation of a growing dominant follicle. Manipulation of the luteal phase follicular waves after mating or AI may also optimize fertility. Superovulation is still an efficient technique to obtain progeny from genetically valuable females. Administration of exogenous gonadotropins acts to reveal the underlying ovarian variability. Ovarian response of each female depends on the number of gonado-sensitive follicles present at the time when treatment is initiated. Identification of the number of such follicles for each female would improve efficacy of superovulation, by allocating potential nonresponders to other techniques (OPU/FIV). One of the main components of the within female response to superovulation is the stage of the wave when gonadotropins are injected. Treatment in the absence of a dominant follicle ensures a response close to the female's specific maximum. The development of practical approaches to achieve this still requires further research.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                abmvz
                Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
                Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
                Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária (Belo Horizonte )
                1678-4162
                February 2014
                : 66
                : 1
                : 137-144
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S0102-09352014000100020
                10.1590/S0102-09352014000100020
                7532b5e0-bef5-4925-97fd-ca4c1051a4c3

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-0935&lng=en
                Categories
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine
                goat,laparoscopy,follicular puncture,oocyte recovery,caprino,laparoscopia,punção folicular,recuperação oocitária

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