The influencing factors of health-related quality of life among rural hypertensive individuals: a cross-sectional study

Sang, Shengxiang; Kang, Ning; Liao, Wei; Wu, Xueyan; Hu, Ze Bo; Liu, Xiaotian; Wang, Chongjian; Zhang, Hongjian

doi:10.1186/s12955-021-01879-6

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The influencing factors of health-related quality of life among rural hypertensive individuals: a cross-sectional study

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Author(s): Shengxiang Sang ¹ , Ning Kang ² ^, ³ , Wei Liao ² , Xueyan Wu ² , Ze Hu ² , Xiaotian Liu ² , Chongjian Wang ² ^, , Hongjian Zhang ¹ ^,

Publication date (Electronic): 18 October 2021

Journal: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Publisher: BioMed Central

Keywords: Health-related quality of life, Hypertension, EQ-5D-5L, Rural population, Socioeconomic status

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Abstract

Background

Previous reports regarding health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of hypertensive individuals commonly concentrated on urban population. This study focused on rural population and aimed to explore the influencing factors of HRQoL.

Methods

Date were derived from Henan Rural Cohort study. The HRQoL of participants were assessed via European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) instrument. Tobit regression model and generalized linear model were employed to explore the influencing factors of HRQoL. Another binary logistic regression was utilized to examine the robustness of our results.

Results

Among 23,485 rural population, 8128 participants were identified with hypertension. The mean (SD) utility index and VAS score of non-hypertension group were 0.96 (0.09) and 79.66 (14.20), respectively, while in hypertension group were 0.94 (0.14) and 75.88 (15.50), respectively. Pain/discomfort was the most common self-reported problem (23.05%) for patients. Aging and suffering with other diseases were negatively associated with HRQoL among rural patients, while high socioeconomic status and healthy lifestyles corresponded with high HRQoL.

Conclusions

Hypertension did push considerable pressures on patients’ HRQoL. Maintaining healthy lifestyles and improving the socioeconomic status of patients were advisable ways to reduce this burden.

Trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12955-021-01879-6.

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Most cited references 45

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Status of Hypertension in China

Zengwu Wang, Zuo Chen, Linfeng Zhang … (2018)

Although the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) continues to increase in developing countries, including China, recent data are lacking. A nationwide survey was conducted from October 2012 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence of HTN in China.

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EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group.

F de Charro, R A Rabin (2001)

Established in 1987, the EuroQol Group initially comprised a network of international, multilingual and multidisciplinary researchers from seven centres in Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the UK. Nowadays, the Group comprises researchers from Canada, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Japan, New Zealand, Slovenia, Spain, the USA and Zimbabwe. The process of shared development and local experimentation resulted in EQ-5D, a generic measure of health status that provides a simple descriptive profile and a single index value that can be used in the clinical and economic evaluation of health care and in population health surveys. Currently, EQ-5D is being widely used in different countries by clinical researchers in a variety of clinical areas. EQ-5D is also being used by eight out of the first 10 of the top 50 pharmaceutical companies listed in the annual report of Pharma Business (November/December 1999). Furthermore, EQ-5D is one of the handful of measures recommended for use in cost-effectiveness analyses by the Washington Panel on Cost Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. EQ-5D has now been translated into most major languages with the EuroQol Group closely monitoring the process.

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Rapid health transition in China, 1990–2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Gonghuan Yang, Yu. Wang, Yixin Zeng … (2013)

Summary Background China has undergone rapid demographic and epidemiological changes in the past few decades, including striking declines in fertility and child mortality and increases in life expectancy at birth. Popular discontent with the health system has led to major reforms. To help inform these reforms, we did a comprehensive assessment of disease burden in China, how it changed between 1990 and 2010, and how China's health burden compares with other nations. Methods We used results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) for 1990 and 2010 for China and 18 other countries in the G20 to assess rates and trends in mortality, causes of death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We present results for 231 diseases and injuries and for 67 risk factors or clusters of risk factors relevant to China. We assessed relative performance of China against G20 countries (significantly better, worse, or indistinguishable from the G20 mean) with age-standardised rates and 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings The leading causes of death in China in 2010 were stroke (1·7 million deaths, 95% UI 1·5–1·8 million), ischaemic heart disease (948 700 deaths, 774 500–1 024 600), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (934 000 deaths, 846 600–1 032 300). Age-standardised YLLs in China were lower in 2010 than all emerging economies in the G20, and only slightly higher than noted in the USA. China had the lowest age-standardised YLD rate in the G20 in 2010. China also ranked tenth (95% UI eighth to tenth) for HALE and 12th (11th to 13th) for life expectancy. YLLs from neonatal causes, infectious diseases, and injuries in children declined substantially between 1990 and 2010. Mental and behavioural disorders, substance use disorders, and musculoskeletal disorders were responsible for almost half of all YLDs. The fraction of DALYs from YLDs rose from 28·1% (95% UI 24·2–32·5) in 1990 to 39·4% (34·9–43·8) in 2010. Leading causes of DALYs in 2010 were cardiovascular diseases (stroke and ischaemic heart disease), cancers (lung and liver cancer), low back pain, and depression. Dietary risk factors, high blood pressure, and tobacco exposure are the risk factors that constituted the largest number of attributable DALYs in China. Ambient air pollution ranked fourth (third to fifth; the second highest in the G20) and household air pollution ranked fifth (fourth to sixth; the third highest in the G20) in terms of the age-standardised DALY rate in 2010. Interpretation The rapid rise of non-communicable diseases driven by urbanisation, rising incomes, and ageing poses major challenges for China's health system, as does a shift to chronic disability. Reduction of population exposures from poor diet, high blood pressure, tobacco use, cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose are public policy priorities for China, as are the control of ambient and household air pollution. These changes will require an integrated government response to improve primary care and undertake required multisectoral action to tackle key risks. Analyses of disease burden provide a useful framework to guide policy responses to the changing disease spectrum in China. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Chongjian Wang:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5091-6621

tjwcj2005@126.com

Hongjian Zhang: hjzhang@zzu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Health Qual Life Outcomes

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Health Qual Life Outcomes

Title: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1477-7525

Publication date (Electronic): 18 October 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 18 October 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 19

Electronic Location Identifier: 244

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.207374.5, ISNI 0000 0001 2189 3846, Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, , Zhengzhou University, ; Zhengzhou, Henan People’s Republic of China

[2 ]GRID grid.207374.5, ISNI 0000 0001 2189 3846, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, , Zhengzhou University, ; 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China

[3 ]GRID grid.256922.8, ISNI 0000 0000 9139 560X, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, , Henan University of Chinese Medicine, ; Zhengzhou, Henan People’s Republic of China

Author information

Chongjian Wang http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5091-6621

Article

Publisher ID: 1879

DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01879-6

PMC ID: 8524889

PubMed ID: 34663349

SO-VID: 7571482f-0be1-4371-885c-dc83739e6e08

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 8 April 2021

Date accepted : 7 October 2021