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      Suicídio entre Médicos e Estudantes de Medicina: Revisão de Literatura Translated title: A Review of Literature on Suicide among Doctors and Medical Students

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Objetivos O presente estudo tem como objetivo construir uma revisão integrativa de literatura sobre o suicídio em médicos e estudantes de Medicina com base em uma análise de artigos científicos sobre o tema. Métodos Foi realizada uma pesquisa nos bancos de dados PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO com os descritores “suicide”, “physicians”, “doctors” e “students” entre os anos de 2000 e 2014 em língua inglesa, alemã, portuguesa e espanhola. Resultados Os resultados indicaram que as taxas de suicídio nessa população são maiores do que as da população geral e de outros grupos acadêmicos. As principais causas apontadas nos estudos foram maior incidência de transtornos psiquiátricos, como depressão e abuso de substâncias, e sofrimento psíquico relacionados a vivências específicas da profissão, como grande carga de trabalho, privação do sono, dificuldade com pacientes, ambientes insalubres, preocupações financeiras e sobrecarga de informações. Conclusões A prevenção do suicídio é possível, porém o problema não tem recebido a atenção necessária. É preciso que haja outros estudos sobre o tema a fim de formular intervenções e políticas de prevenção e tratamento específico para essa população.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objectives This study aims to construct an integrative review of suicide among physicians and medical students based on an analysis of scientific articles on the subject. Methods A search was conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO databases using the keywords “suicide”, “physicians”, “doctors”, and “students” between 2000 and 2014 in English, German, Portuguese, and Spanish. Results The results indicated that suicide rates in this population are higher than those of the general population and other academic groups. The main causes identified in the study were a higher incidence of psychiatric disorders such as depression and substance abuse, and psychological distress related to specific situations involved with the profession, such as high workload, sleep deprivation, difficulty with patients, unhealthy environments, financial worries, and information overload. Conclusions Suicide prevention is possible, but the problem is not receiving the necessary attention. Additional research on the subject is required to formulate policies and interventions for prevention and specific treatment for this population.

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          Most cited references17

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          Suicídio entre médicos e estudantes de medicina

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            The world health report 2003 - shaping the future

            WHO, WHO WHO (2003)
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              The process of suicidal planning among medical doctors: predictors in a longitudinal Norwegian sample.

              The suicidal process is a common underlying perspective on suicidal behaviour, but the process has hardly been empirically studied. This study investigates the process from suicidal thoughts to suicidal planning among physicians; an occupational group with a raised risk of suicide. The process is studied in two ways: First, predictors at medical school of postgraduate suicidal planning are identified. Second, the transition from suicidal thoughts to planning over three to four years is explored. A nationwide cohort of Norwegian medical students (N=631) were approached initially in their final semester (T1), and then again in the first (T2) and fourth (T3) postgraduate years. The average observation time was 3.6 years. Twenty-eight participants (6%) reported suicidal planning in the postgraduate years. Adjusted predictors at T1 were vulnerability trait (neuroticism), severe depressive symptoms, and negative life events. Among those with previous suicidal thoughts at T1, 13 (8%) reported suicidal planning at T2 or T3. Adjusted predictors of transition from thoughts to planning were reality weakness trait, severe depressive symptoms, and a low level of perceived medical school stress. A minority of the postgraduate planners had sought professional care. The effect of severe depressive symptoms may be overestimated, and the sample size is relatively small. Common predictors for both postgraduate suicidal planning and transition from thoughts to planning were depressive symptoms and personality traits. Reality weakness was the most decisive trait for aggravation in suicidal ideation, and this personality trait needs further study in suicidal research and clinical awareness. Copyright 2003 Elsevier B.V.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbem
                Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica
                Rev. bras. educ. med.
                Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0100-5502
                1981-5271
                December 2016
                : 40
                : 4
                : 772-780
                Affiliations
                [1] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                Article
                S0100-55022016000400772
                10.1590/1981-52712015v40n4e00262015
                768e7884-d58d-4335-90d8-d46bd39231d0

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 2015
                : 16 February 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Saúde Mental,Educação Médica,Tentativa de Suicídio,Mental Health,Education, Medical,Suicide, Attempted

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