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      Relación entre perímetro abdominal, nivel socioeconómico y presión arterial Translated title: Relation of abdominal circumference and socio-economic status to blood pressure

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: Relacionar perímetro abdominal y condición socioeconómica con presión arterial (PA) en comunidad urbana de Concepción. Métodos: Se midió el perímetro abdominal (PeA) de 8472 residentes mayores de 15 años de edad, proporcionados por edad, género y nivel socioeconómico. La PA fue medida con normas estandarizadas, realizando dos visitas en diferentes días, la segunda si la PA era mayor de 140/90 mm Hg. Los Pe A se distribuyeron en cuartiles, relacionando cada cuartil con los respectivos promedios de presión sistólica y diastólica y se establecieron coeficientes de correlación lineal mediante "r" de Pearson entre PeA y PA. Además, se estableció la frecuencia de cada cuartil de Pe A por nivel socioeconómico. Resultados: Los Pea tuvieron la siguiente distribución (cm): 1er cuartil, < 78; 2º cuartil, 78- 87; 3er cuartil, 88-96 y 4º cuartil, > 96. La prevalencia de hipertensión para niveles socioeconómicos alto, medio y bajo fue 17,9%, 19,5% y 24,5%, respectivamente. La PA promedio (mmHg) en hombres y en mujeres del 1er cuartil de PeA fue 112 y 109; en el 2º cuartil 118 y 118; en el 3er cuartil 123 y 122 y en el 4º cuartil 129 y 129, respectivamente. Los coeficientes de correlación entre PeA y presión sistólica y presión diastólica resultaron significativos en ambos géneros: r = 0,343, p<0.00001 y r = 0,281, p<0.00001, respectivamente. La distribución (%) de PeA fue inversa al nivel socioeconómico: en el nivel social bajo, el 22 % estaba en el 1er cuartil de PeA, y el 28,8% en el 4º cuartil. En el nivel social alto se observó lo inverso: 38,9% estaba en el 1er cuartil de PeA, y sólo el 15.5% en el 4º cuartil (p<0.0001). Conclusiones: Hubo correlación positiva entre PeA y PA en ambos géneros. La frecuencia de mayor PeA en el nivel socioeconómico bajo podría explicar la mayor prevalencia de hipertensión en este grupo.

          Translated abstract

          Aim: To correlate abdominal circumference (AC) and socio-economic status with blood pressure( BP) in an urban community of Concepción, Chile Methods: AC was measured in 8472 subjects above 15years of age, stratified by age, gender and socio-economic status. BP was measured by standard procedures, with a repeat recording when the initial valué was > 140/90mmHg. BP was compared in quartiles of abdominal circumference and according to socio-economic status. Pearson "r" was used to correlate BP and AC Results: Cut points for quartiles of AC were 78, 87, and 96 cm. Prevalence of hypertension in high, médium and low socio-economic status was 17.9%, 19.5% and 24.5%, respectively Mean systolic BP was 112 - 109 mmHg (males - females) in the first AC quartile, 118 - 118, 123-122 and 129-129 in the second, third and fourth quartiles, respectively. A significant correlation between AC and BP (systolic and diastolic) was observed in both genders (r 0.345 and 0.281 for males and females, respectively, p<0.00001). 22% of low socio-economic subjects belonged in the first AC quartile compared to 28.8% in the 4th quartile. In contrast 38.9% of high socio-economic subjects belonged in the first AC quartile while 15.5% did so in the 4th quartile (p<0001). Conclusion: A positive correlation ofAC and blood pressure was shown in both genders. A greater AC in low socio-economic subjects maybe related to a higher prevalence of hypertension in this group.

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          Most cited references64

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          Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data

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            Waist circumference and obesity-associated risk factors among whites in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: clinical action thresholds.

            Waist circumference (WC) is strongly linked to obesity-associated risks. However, currently proposed WC risk thresholds are not based on associations with obesity-related risk factors but rather with body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)). The objective was to determine the relations of WC to obesity-associated risk factors in a representative sample of US whites and to derive comparable risk thresholds for WC and BMI. Data on 9019 white participants of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of >or= 1 of 4 obesity-associated risk factors: low HDL cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high glucose. Odds ratio (OR) equations were derived from logistic regression models for WC and BMI with the use of the 25th percentile in the study population as the reference. Receiver operating characteristic curves for identifying risk factors were computed for WC and BMI. At BMIs of 25 and 30, ORs were 1.19 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.35) and 2.37 (95% CI: 1.33, 4.22) for men and 1.56 (95% CI: 1.29, 1.91) and 3.16 (95% CI: 1.94, 5.28) for women, respectively. The corresponding ORs for WC were at 90 and 100 cm for men and at 83 and 93 cm for women. Minima on the receiver operating characteristic curves for men were at 96 cm for WC and at 26 for BMI and for women were at 86 cm for WC and 25 for BMI. WC is more closely linked to cardiovascular disease risk factors than is BMI.
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              Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction in Latin America: the INTERHEART Latin American study.

              Current knowledge of the impact of cardiovascular risk factors in Latin America is limited. As part of the INTERHEART study, 1237 cases of first acute myocardial infarction and 1888 age-, sex-, and center-matched controls were enrolled from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Guatemala, and Mexico. History of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption, psychosocial factors, anthropometry, and blood pressure were recorded. Nonfasting blood samples were analyzed for apolipoproteins A-1 and B-100. Logistic regression was used to estimate multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Persistent psychosocial stress (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 2.07 to 3.82), history of hypertension (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 2.39 to 3.31), diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 2.09 to 3.22), current smoking (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.97 to 2.71), increased waist-to-hip ratio (OR for first versus third tertile, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.14), and increased ratio of apolipoprotein B to A-1 (OR for first versus third tertile, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.83 to 2.94) were associated with higher risk of acute myocardial infarction. Daily consumption of fruits or vegetables (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.78) and regular exercise (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.82) reduced the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Abdominal obesity, abnormal lipids, and smoking were associated with high population-attributable risks of 48.5%, 40.8%, and 38.4%, respectively. Collectively, these risk factors accounted for 88% of the population-attributable risk. Interventions aimed at decreasing behavioral risk factors, lowering blood pressure, and modifying lipids could have a large impact on the risk of acute myocardial infarction among Latin Americans.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchcardiol
                Revista chilena de cardiología
                Rev Chil Cardiol
                Sociedad Chilena de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-8560
                2010
                : 29
                : 1
                : 11-18
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamentos de Educación Médica y Salud Pública Chile
                Article
                S0718-85602010000100001 S0718-8560(10)02900101
                10.4067/S0718-85602010000100001
                76f1409c-e436-4149-a07c-a1a96befb41a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 November 2009
                : 25 February 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Investigaciones Clínicas

                socio-economic status,abdominal circumference,blood pressure

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