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      ECOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HORSE FLIES (DIPTERA: TABANIDAE) IN ANTIOQUIA, COLOMBIA Translated title: Ecología y análisis parasitológico de tábanos (Diptera: Tabanidae) en Antioquia, Colombia

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          Abstract

          During the months of June to September 2006, collections of tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) and ticks were conducted in the Caucasia municipality, Antioquia, Colombia. Tabanids were caught on horses during daylight using hand nets and pots at the ecotone zone between secondary forests and paddock habitats. Ticks were collected directly from cattle by hand. The purpose of the study was to identify possible vectors of bovine trypanosomosis, and register the diversity and abundance of tabanids in the zone. The arthropods were brought to the laboratory for taxonomic determination and protozooans searching in proboscis, midgut, and salivary glands of flies. In the case of ticks, protozoans were searched in hemolymph. One hundred and forty tabanids belonging to four genera and nine species were caught. Among the species, Lepiselaga crassipes was the most abundant (43.6%), with the highest abundance in July and a biting peak at 14:00 h. The highest diversity of tabanids was observed during September. Three tabanids were found infected with flagellates morphologically compatible with Trypanosoma vivax. 315 ticks belonging to Boophilus microplus species were collected, all of them negative to flagellates. These results suggest T. vivax transmission by tabanids in the study area. However, the specific status of the parasites should be determined by molecular techniques and the transmission mechanism should be established too by controlled studies.

          Translated abstract

          Durante los meses de junio a septiembre de 2006 se colectaron tábanos (Diptera: Tabanidae) y garrapatas en el municipio de Caucasia, Antioquia, Colombia. Los tábanos se capturaron sobre equinos durante el día, usando frascos en una zona de ecotono entre bosque secundario y potreros. Las garrapatas se colectaron de forma manual, sobre bovinos. El propósito del estudio fue identificar los posibles vectores de la tripanosomosis bovina y registrar la densidad y la diversidad de tábanos en la zona. Los artrópodos fueron llevados al laboratorio para su determinación taxonómica y búsqueda de protozoos en probóscide, intestino medio y glándulas salivales de las moscas. En las garrapatas los protozoos fueron buscados en hemolinfa. Se capturaron 140 tábanos correspondientes a cuatro géneros y nueve especies. Lepiselaga crassipes fue la especie más abundante (43.6%), con mayor densidad en julio y mayor actividad de picadura a las 14:00 h. La mayor diversidad de tábanos se registró en septiembre. Tres tábanos se encontraron infectados con flagelados compatibles con Trypanosoma vivax. Se colectaron 315 garrapatas de la especie Boophilus microplus, todas negativas a flagelados. Estos resultados sugieren transmisión de T. vivax por tábanos en la zona de estudio. Sin embargo, se debe determinar el estatus específico de los parásitos hallados por medio de técnicas moleculares y esclarecer el mecanismo de transmisión mediante estudios controlados.

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          Most cited references55

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          The Trypanosomes of Mammals. A Zoological Monograph.

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            Mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax in cattle by the African tabanid Atylotus fuscipes.

            An experiment was carried out in Burkina Faso to evaluate the potential for mechanical transmission of Trypanosoma vivax by the African tabanid Atylotus fuscipes. The experiment was carried out in a corral (10 m x 10 m) completely covered by a mosquito net (12 m x 12 m and 2.5m high). Eight heifers (cross-bred Zebu X Baoulé), free of trypanosome infection, were kept together with two heifers experimentally infected with a local stock of T. vivax. An average of 539 A. fuscipes per day, freshly captured with two Nzi traps, were introduced into the mosquito net from Day 1 to 20, to allow mechanical transmission of the parasites among cattle. Daily parasitological examinations (BCM) of cattle blood samples indicated that six of the eight receiver heifers were positive from days 9, 10, 15, 16, 19 and 29. Mechanical transmission of T. vivax by A. fuscipes was demonstrated unequivocally in close to natural conditions, at a high rate (75% incidence over a 20-day period) under a mean challenge of 54 insects per heifer per day. These results, in addition to previous demonstration of mechanical transmission of T. vivax by Atylotus agrestis, confirm that mechanical transmission can be a significant route of infection.
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              The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to the adults.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cal
                Caldasia
                Caldasia
                Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0366-5232
                June 2008
                : 30
                : 1
                : 179-188
                Affiliations
                [01] Sabaneta Antioquia orgnameUniversidad CES orgdiv1Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical Colombia gparra@ 123456ces.edu.co
                [02] Medellín Antioquia orgnameUniversidad CES orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia orgdiv2Grupo INCA-CES Colombia
                Article
                S0366-52322008000100010
                77986e7c-249c-416b-96b9-9d1fedf1b748

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Bovine trypanosomosis,Caucasia,Colombia,Trypanosoma vivax,Tabánidos,Garrapatas,Tripanosomosis bovina,Tabanids,Ticks

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