University Students’ Notion of Autism Spectrum Conditions: A Cross-Cultural Study

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Abstract

Cultural background might influence knowledge and attitudes regarding autism, influencing willingness to interact. We studied whether beliefs, knowledge, contact, and attitude differed between the UK and Malaysia. With mediation analyses, we studied how these factors influenced willingness to interact. Autism was more often linked to food in the UK, and to upbringing in Malaysia. Knowledge, contact, and acceptance were greater in the UK. When excluding psychology students, Malaysian students were less willing to interact with autistic people. Knowledge and contact appeared to improve acceptance, but acceptance did not mediate the relation between country, beliefs, knowledge, and experience; and willingness to interact. Knowledge and contact regarding autism might improve acceptance in different cultures, but how acceptance could improve interaction is unclear.

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Young adult outcome of autism spectrum disorders.

Linda Eaves, Helena H. Ho (2008)

To learn about the lives of young adults with ASD, families with children born 1974-1984, diagnosed as preschoolers and followed into adolescence were contacted by mail. Of 76 eligible, 48 (63%) participated in a telephone interview. Global outcome scores were assigned based on work, friendships and independence. At mean age 24, half had good to fair outcome and 46% poor. Co-morbid conditions, obesity and medication use were common. Families noted unmet needs particularly in social areas. Multilinear regression indicated a combination of IQ and CARS score at age 11 predicted outcome. Earlier studies reported more adults with ASD who had poor to very poor outcomes, however current young people had more opportunities, and thus better results were expected.

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Neurotypical Peers are Less Willing to Interact with Those with Autism based on Thin Slice Judgments

Noah J. Sasson, Daniel J Faso, Jack Nugent … (2017)

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including those who otherwise require less support, face severe difficulties in everyday social interactions. Research in this area has primarily focused on identifying the cognitive and neurological differences that contribute to these social impairments, but social interaction by definition involves more than one person and social difficulties may arise not just from people with ASD themselves, but also from the perceptions, judgments, and social decisions made by those around them. Here, across three studies, we find that first impressions of individuals with ASD made from thin slices of real-world social behavior by typically-developing observers are not only far less favorable across a range of trait judgments compared to controls, but also are associated with reduced intentions to pursue social interaction. These patterns are remarkably robust, occur within seconds, do not change with increased exposure, and persist across both child and adult age groups. However, these biases disappear when impressions are based on conversational content lacking audio-visual cues, suggesting that style, not substance, drives negative impressions of ASD. Collectively, these findings advocate for a broader perspective of social difficulties in ASD that considers both the individual’s impairments and the biases of potential social partners.

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The Asian Values Scale: Development, factor analysis, validation, and reliability.

Donald R. Atkinson, Peggy Yang, Bryan S K Kim (1999)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Marieke de Vries:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2845-8956

Marieke.DeVries@Nottingham.edu.my

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Autism Dev Disord

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Autism Dev Disord

Title: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Publisher: Springer US (New York )

ISSN (Print): 0162-3257

ISSN (Electronic): 1573-3432

Publication date (Electronic): 3 January 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 3 January 2020

Publication date (Print): 2020

Volume: 50

Issue: 4

Pages: 1281-1294

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.440435.2, School of Psychology, , University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, ; Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Malaysia

[2 ]GRID grid.4563.4, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8868, School of Psychology, , University of Nottingham, ; Nottinghamshire, UK

Author information

Marieke de Vries http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2845-8956

Article

Publisher ID: 4343

DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04343-z

PMC ID: 7101294

PubMed ID: 31901119

SO-VID: 7808e572-db92-44fb-96b0-01c9d7d9d2f7

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Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010702, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus;

Award ID: Pump Priming Research Grant 2017

Award Recipient : Marieke de Vries

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: culture,attitudes acceptance,interaction,beliefs

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: culture, attitudes acceptance, interaction, beliefs

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University Students’ Notion of Autism Spectrum Conditions: A Cross-Cultural Study

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Karger: Neurology and Neuroscience

Most cited references 30

Young adult outcome of autism spectrum disorders.

Neurotypical Peers are Less Willing to Interact with Those with Autism based on Thin Slice Judgments

The Asian Values Scale: Development, factor analysis, validation, and reliability.

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