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      Topologization of β-antimonene on Bi 2Se 3 via proximity effects

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          Abstract

          Topological surface states usually emerge at the boundary between a topological and a conventional insulator. Their precise physical character and spatial localization depend on the complex interplay between the chemical, structural and electronic properties of the two insulators in contact. Using a lattice-matched heterointerface of single and double bilayers of β-antimonene and bismuth selenide, we perform a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the chiral surface states by means of microscopy and spectroscopic measurements complemented by first-principles calculations. We demonstrate that, although β-antimonene is a trivial insulator in its free-standing form, it inherits the unique symmetry-protected spin texture from the substrate via a proximity effect that induces outward migration of the topological state. This “topologization” of β-antimonene is found to be driven by the hybridization of the bands from either side of the interface.

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          Most cited references54

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          Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple

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            Observation of Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic atomic chains on a superconductor

            Majorana fermions are predicted to localize at the edge of a topological superconductor, a state of matter that can form when a ferromagnetic system is placed in proximity to a conventional superconductor with strong spin-orbit interaction. With the goal of realizing a one-dimensional topological superconductor, we have fabricated ferromagnetic iron (Fe) atomic chains on the surface of superconducting lead (Pb). Using high-resolution spectroscopic imaging techniques, we show that the onset of superconductivity, which gaps the electronic density of states in the bulk of the Fe chains, is accompanied by the appearance of zero-energy end-states. This spatially resolved signature provides strong evidence, corroborated by other observations, for the formation of a topological phase and edge-bound Majorana fermions in our atomic chains.
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              Observation of unconventional quantum spin textures in topological insulators.

              A topologically ordered material is characterized by a rare quantum organization of electrons that evades the conventional spontaneously broken symmetry-based classification of condensed matter. Exotic spin-transport phenomena, such as the dissipationless quantum spin Hall effect, have been speculated to originate from a topological order whose identification requires a spin-sensitive measurement, which does not exist to this date in any system. Using Mott polarimetry, we probed the spin degrees of freedom and demonstrated that topological quantum numbers are completely determined from spin texture-imaging measurements. Applying this method to Sb and Bi(1-x)Sb(x), we identified the origin of its topological order and unusual chiral properties. These results taken together constitute the first observation of surface electrons collectively carrying a topological quantum Berry's phase and definite spin chirality, which are the key electronic properties component for realizing topological quantum computing bits with intrinsic spin Hall-like topological phenomena.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                sanjoymahatha@gmail.com
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                3 September 2020
                3 September 2020
                2020
                : 10
                : 14619
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.8664.c, ISNI 0000 0001 2165 8627, Institut für Theoretische Physik and Center for Materials Research (LaMa), , Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, ; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gießen, Germany
                [2 ]GRID grid.5326.2, ISNI 0000 0001 1940 4177, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, , Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, ; 34149 Trieste, Italy
                [3 ]GRID grid.7683.a, ISNI 0000 0004 0492 0453, Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, ; 22607 Hamburg, Germany
                [4 ]GRID grid.5326.2, ISNI 0000 0001 1940 4177, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, , Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, ; Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
                [5 ]GRID grid.7778.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1937 0319, Dipartimento di Fisica, CS, , Università Della Calabria, ; Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
                [6 ]GRID grid.5942.a, ISNI 0000 0004 1759 508X, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, ; Strada Statale 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
                [7 ]Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, AZ1010 Baku, Azerbaijan
                [8 ]GRID grid.423902.e, ISNI 0000 0001 2189 5315, Institute Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, , Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, ; AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan
                [9 ]GRID grid.11480.3c, ISNI 0000000121671098, Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, , UPV/EHU, ; 20080 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
                [10 ]GRID grid.11480.3c, ISNI 0000000121671098, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), ; P. de Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
                [11 ]GRID grid.15447.33, ISNI 0000 0001 2289 6897, Saint Petersburg State University, ; 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
                [12 ]GRID grid.4886.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2192 9124, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, , Russian Academy of Sciences, ; 634021 Tomsk, Russia
                Article
                71624
                10.1038/s41598-020-71624-4
                7471962
                32884112
                7927b683-f42a-4bd6-9db5-a6b98731420f
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 17 June 2020
                : 19 August 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Projekt DEAL
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Uncategorized
                electronic properties and materials,surfaces, interfaces and thin films,topological insulators

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