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      Typologies of Adolescent Musicians and Experiences of Performance Anxiety Among Instrumental Learners

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          Abstract

          Literature suggests that music performance anxiety (MPA) is prevalent in adolescence, a developmental period with increased likelihood of experiencing anxiety under evaluative conditions. Evidence also indicate that individuals may respond to evaluative situations in distinct ways. Factors contributing to the individuality of responses in evaluative situations (such as test taking and musical performance) are not yet fully understood. This study investigated student typologies in adolescent instrumental learners. Participants included 410 learners who completed the Young Musicians’ Performance Questionnaire. K-Means cluster analysis revealed three typologies: Cluster 1 – moderately anxious students evidencing lower levels of motivation and feeling ineffective but guarding their self-esteem; Cluster 2 – highly anxious students evidencing negative self-perceptions and being susceptible to experiencing maladaptive MPA; Cluster 3 – low anxious students evidencing high levels of motivation and confidence and inclined toward experiencing adaptive MPA. The 3-cluster solution effectiveness was validated with discriminant analysis. Significant associations between examination achievement and cluster membership revealed variations between clusters. Thematic analysis of qualitative data facilitated further understanding of their characteristics. This study adds to the body of MPA literature by exploring the different ways with which adolescent musicians interpret and respond to anxiety inducing situations. Findings have implications for clinical and educational practice.

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          Multivariate Data Analysis

          For over 30 years, this text has provided students with the information they need to understand and apply multivariate data analysis. This text provides an applications-oriented introduction to multivariate analysis for the non-statistician. By reducing heavy statistical research into fundamental concepts, the text explains to students how to understand and make use of the results of specific statistical techniques. In this revision, the organization of the chapters has been greatly simplified. New chapters have been added on structural equations modeling, and all sections have been updated to reflect advances in technology, capability, and mathematical techniques. :Pearson New International Edition.
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              We discuss the expectancy-value theory of motivation, focusing on an expectancy-value model developed and researched by Eccles, Wigfield, and their colleagues. Definitions of crucial constructs in the model, including ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and the components of subjective task values, are provided. These definitions are compared to those of related constructs, including self-efficacy, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and interest. Research is reviewed dealing with two issues: (1) change in children's and adolescents' ability beliefs, expectancies for success, and subjective values, and (2) relations of children's and adolescents' ability-expectancy beliefs and subjective task values to their performance and choice of activities. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychol
                Front Psychol
                Front. Psychol.
                Frontiers in Psychology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-1078
                06 May 2021
                2021
                : 12
                : 645993
                Affiliations
                Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nicosia , Nicosia, Cyprus
                Author notes

                Edited by: Gary Edward McPherson, The University of Melbourne, Australia

                Reviewed by: Eckart Altenmüller, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Germany; Emery Schubert, University of New South Wales, Australia

                *Correspondence: Ioulia Papageorgi, papageorgi.i@ 123456unic.ac.cy

                This article was submitted to Performance Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645993
                8136414
                34025516
                7acb3d60-7197-4723-8a70-9cdf2a559a26
                Copyright © 2021 Papageorgi.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 24 December 2020
                : 12 April 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 73, Pages: 18, Words: 0
                Categories
                Psychology
                Original Research

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                music performance anxiety,adolescence,typology,k-means cluster analysis,thematic analysis

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