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      Leveraging online treatment to re-examine the association between alcohol use and disinhibition Translated title: Tratamiento online como plataforma para re-examinar la relación entre el uso de alcohol y la desinhibición cognitiva

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          Abstract

          Abstract: Background: Cognitive disinhibition underpins alcohol and drug use problems. Although higher-risk substance use is consistently associated with poorer disinhibition, current findings may be limited by narrow recruitment methods, which over-represent individuals engaged in traditional treatment services with more severe presentations. We embedded a novel gamified disinhibition task (the Cognitive Impulsivity Suite; CIS) in a national online addiction support service (https://www.counsellingonline.org.au/). Method: Participants aged 18 to 64 (N = 137; 109 women) completed the Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) along with the CIS, which measures three aspects of disinhibition (Attentional Control, Information-Sampling, and Feedback Monitoring/Shifting). The majority of the sample comprised people with alcohol use, and AUDIT scores were differentiated into ‘higher-risk' or ‘lower-risk' groups using latent-class analysis. These classes were then regressed against CIS performance measures. Results: Compared to lower-risk, higher-risk alcohol use was associated with poorer attentional control and feedback monitoring/shifting. While higher-risk alcohol use was associated with slower information accumulation, this was only observed for older adults, who appeared to compensate with a more conservative response criterion. Conclusions: Our results reveal novel relationships between higher-risk alcohol use and specific aspects of disinhibition in participants who sought online addiction help services.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: Antecedentes: El uso de alcohol se asocia a mayor desinhibición, pero estos hallazgos podrían no ser representativos de toda la población ya que predominan estudios en contextos especializados y casos severos. Aquí, incorporamos una nueva batería de evaluación de la desinhibición (Cognitive Impulsivity Suite o CIS) en una web de tratamiento online con acceso a una población más amplia (https://www.counsellingonline.org.au/). Método: Participantes de 18 a 64 años (N = 137; 109 mujeres) completaron vía web el “Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test” y la CIS, que evalúa tres componentes de la desinhibición (Control Atencional, Acumulación de Información y Monitorización / Cambio). Clasificamos en grupos de alto-riesgo versus bajo-riesgo aplicando un análisis de clases latentes sobre las puntuaciones del AUDIT. Usamos análisis de regresión para asociar las dos clases resultantes con las medidas de la CIS. Resultados: Alto-riesgo en el consumo de alcohol se asoció con peor rendimiento en Control Atencional y Monitorización / Cambio. La pertenencia al grupo de alto-riesgo se asoció con menor eficiencia en la acumulación de información en participantes de mayor edad. Conclusiones: Revelamos nuevas asociaciones entre el consumo de alcohol de riesgo y el rendimiento cognitivo en distintos componentes de la desinhibición en participantes que buscaban asistencia en una web de tratamiento online.

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          Most cited references88

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          Deciding on the Number of Classes in Latent Class Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study

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            The diffusion decision model: theory and data for two-choice decision tasks.

            The diffusion decision model allows detailed explanations of behavior in two-choice discrimination tasks. In this article, the model is reviewed to show how it translates behavioral data-accuracy, mean response times, and response time distributions-into components of cognitive processing. Three experiments are used to illustrate experimental manipulations of three components: stimulus difficulty affects the quality of information on which a decision is based; instructions emphasizing either speed or accuracy affect the criterial amounts of information that a subject requires before initiating a response; and the relative proportions of the two stimuli affect biases in drift rate and starting point. The experiments also illustrate the strong constraints that ensure the model is empirically testable and potentially falsifiable. The broad range of applications of the model is also reviewed, including research in the domains of aging and neurophysiology.
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              Ten frequently asked questions about latent class analysis.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                psicothema
                Psicothema
                Psicothema
                Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias (Oviedo, Asturias, Spain )
                0214-9915
                1886-144X
                2024
                : 36
                : 1
                : 15-25
                Affiliations
                [5] Melbourne Victoria orgnameMonash University orgdiv1Institute for Brain and Mental Health Australia
                [2] Melbourne Victoria orgnameMonash University orgdiv1Institute for Brain and Mental Health Australia
                [3] Melbourne Victoria orgnameMonash University orgdiv1Institute for Brain and Mental Health Australia
                [4] Melbourne Victoria orgnameMonash University orgdiv1Institute for Brain and Mental Health Australia
                [1] Melbourne Victoria orgnameMonash University orgdiv1Institute for Brain and Mental Health Australia
                Article
                S1886-144X2024000100002 S1886-144X(24)03600100002
                10.7334/psicothema2022.516
                7b2287e2-40b9-4a53-9bf7-7c06d0b02ecc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 December 2022
                : 24 March 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 88, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Articles

                Disinhibition,Crowdsourcing,Consumo de drogas,Gravedad del consumo de drogas,Impulsividad,Deshinbición,Substance use,Substance severity,Impulsivity

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