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      Evaluación de factores que afectan la bioacidulación de roca fosfórica bajo condiciones in vitro Translated title: Evaluation of factors that affect bioacidulation rock phosphate under in vitro conditions

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          Abstract

          Resumen El fósforo (P) es un nutriente esencial para el desarrollo de las plantas, desafortunadamente, su disponibilidad en muchos suelos es baja. Consecuentemente, los agricultores aplican altas cantidades de fertilizantes fosfóricos solubles, pero esto es ineficiente y costoso. El uso directo de roca fosfórica (RP) es muy atractivo por su bajo costo; sin embargo, es poco soluble y de baja eficiencia agronómica. Para superar esta limitación, hay un creciente interés en el uso de microorganismos del suelo capaces de disolverla y mejorar su valor como fertilizante. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto que tienen algunos factores sobre la capacidad del hongo Mortierella sp. para disolver RP bajo condiciones in vitro. Estos factores son: (i) tiempo de incubación, (ii) tipo de RP, (iii) concentración inicial de P soluble y (iv) adición de vitaminas y micronutrientes. Despues del periodo de incubación se midió P en solución y pH. Los resultados indican que producto de la biodisolución de RP la más alta concentración de P en solución se alcanzó al día 5. Por otro lado, la biodisolución de RP fue reducida por la adición de vitaminas y micronutrientes y por el incremento en la concentración inicial de P soluble en el medio. Aunque la disolución microbiana fue más efectiva con la RP de Carolina del Norte, las RP del Huila y Santander presentaron un buen nivel de disolución en un periodo de tiempo corto. La bioacidulación mejorara la efectividad agronómica de la RP para su uso directo o a través de un proceso biotecnológico previo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant development, unfortunately, its availability in many soils is low. Consequently, farmers apply high quantities of soluble P fertilizers, but this is an inefficient and costly practice. The direct use of rock phosphate (RP) is a highly attractive option because its low cost, but this material has low solubility and low agronomic efficiency. In order to overcome this limitation, there is a growing interest in the use of soil microorganisms capable of dissolving RP and improving its value as a P fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of some factors on the effectiveness of the fungus Mortierella sp. to dissolve RP under in vitro conditions. These factors included: (i) incubation time, (ii) type of RP, (iii) initial concentration of soluble P, and (iv) addition of vitamins and micronutrients. After the incubation period, P and pH were measured in solution. The results indicated that as a consequence of the biodissolution of RP, the highest concentration of soluble P in the medium was reached on the day 5th. The biodissolution of RP was reduced by the addition of vitamins and micronutrients and by the increase in the initial concentration of soluble P. Although microbial dissolution was more effective with North Carolina RP, RPs from Huila and Santander showed a good level of dissolution in a short period of time. Bioacidulation will improve the agronomic effectiveness of RP for its direct use or through a previous biotechnological process.

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          Most cited references57

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          Growth Promotion of Plants Inoculated with Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi

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            PHOSPHATE-SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA AND FUNGI IN VARIOUS CULTIVATED AND VIRGIN ALBERTA SOILS

            R. KUCEY (1983)
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              Factors determining rock phosphate solubilization by microorganisms isolated from soil.

              M Nahas (1996)
              Forty two soil isolates (31 bacteria and 11 fungi) were studied for their ability to solubilize rock phosphate and calcium phosphate in culture medium. Eight bacteria and 8 fungi possessed solubilizing ability. Pseudomonas cepacia and Penicillium purpurogenum showed the highest activity. There was a correlation between final pH value and titratable acidity (r=-0.29 to -0.87) and between titratable acidity and soluble phosphate (r=0.22 to 0.99). Correlation values were functions of insoluble phosphate and of the group of microorganisms considered. A high correlation was observed between final pH and soluble phosphate only for the rock phosphates inoculated with the highest concentration of solubilizing bacteria (r=-0.73 to -0.98).
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                biote
                Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología
                Rev. colomb. biotecnol
                Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0123-3475
                June 2017
                : 19
                : 1
                : 55-62
                Affiliations
                [2] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia nwosorio@ 123456unal.edu.co
                [1] Medellin orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia losorno@ 123456unal.edu.co
                Article
                S0123-34752017000100055
                10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v19n1.65968
                7c5e0a56-fb96-43b8-b7e8-b5880c782bc6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 December 2016
                : 24 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 61, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Solubilization,phosphorus,phosphate solubilizing microorganism,Solubilización,fósforo,microorganismos solubilizadores de fósforo

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