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      Post-yield softening of bending-dominated metal metamaterials

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          Abstract

          Post-yield softening (PYS) plays an important role in guiding the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials. PYS is usually restricted to lattice materials that are stretching dominated according to the Gibson–Ashby model. Contrary to this long-held assumption, this work shows that PYS can also occur in various bending-dominated Ti-6Al-4V lattices with increasing relative density. The underlying mechanism for this unusual property is elucidated using the Timoshenko beam theory. It is attributed to the increase in stretching and shear deformation with increasing relative density, thereby increasing the tendency towards PYS. The finding of this work extends perspectives on PYS for the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials.

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          The properties of foams and lattices.

          M F Ashby (2006)
          Man and nature both exploit the remarkable properties of cellular solids, by which we mean foams, meshes and microlattices. To the non-scientist, their image is that of soft, compliant, things: cushions, packaging and padding. To the food scientist they are familiar as bread, cake and desserts of the best kind: meringue, mousse and sponge. To those who study nature they are the structural materials of their subject: wood, coral, cancellous bone. And to the engineer they are of vast importance in building lightweight structures, for energy management, for thermal insulation, filtration and much more. When a solid is converted into a material with a foam-like structure, the single-valued properties of the solid are extended. By properties we mean stiffness, strength, thermal conductivity and diffusivity, electrical resistivity and so forth. And the extension is vast-the properties can be changed by a factor of 1000 or more. Perhaps the most important concept in analysing the mechanical behaviour is that of the distinction between a stretch- and a bending-dominated structure. The first is exceptionally stiff and strong for a given mass; the second is compliant and, although not strong, it absorbs energy well when compressed. This paper summarizes a little of the way in which the mechanical properties of cellular solids are analysed and illustrates the range of properties offered by alternative configurations.
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            Foam topology: bending versus stretching dominated architectures

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              LXVI. On the correction for shear of the differential equation for transverse vibrations of prismatic bars

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PNAS Nexus
                PNAS Nexus
                pnasnexus
                PNAS Nexus
                Oxford University Press (US )
                2752-6542
                March 2023
                09 March 2023
                09 March 2023
                : 2
                : 3
                : pgad075
                Affiliations
                Institute of Materials Modification and Modelling, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minxing District, Shanghai 200240, China
                Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, RMIT University , 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
                Institute of Materials Modification and Modelling, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minxing District, Shanghai 200240, China
                Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, RMIT University , 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
                Sir Lawrence Wackett Aerospace Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University , 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
                Institute of Materials Modification and Modelling, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Minxing District, Shanghai 200240, China
                Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, RMIT University , 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
                Author notes
                To whom correspondence should be addressed: Email: gujf@ 123456sjtu.edu.cn ; ma.qian@ 123456rmit.edu.au

                Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interest.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8513-8097
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-6913
                Article
                pgad075
                10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad075
                10053022
                7cf8ea5e-e249-4b43-a612-5b2b52636335
                © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

                History
                : 21 January 2023
                : 24 February 2023
                : 28 February 2023
                : 29 March 2023
                Page count
                Pages: 7
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China, doi 10.13039/501100001809;
                Award ID: 51971145
                Funded by: Australian Research Council, doi 10.13039/501100000923;
                Award ID: DP200102666
                Categories
                Physical Sciences and Engineering
                Materials Engineering
                AcademicSubjects/MED00010
                AcademicSubjects/SCI00010
                AcademicSubjects/SOC00010

                lattice metamaterials,post-yield softening,bending,stretching,shear,laser powder bed fusion

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