Structure–Activity Relationships of Receptor Binding of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives

1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives nifedipine of which the prototype, are the most popular drugs having calcium antagonistic activity. Fused 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) have also exhibit calcium modulatory activities. In this article, we emphasize calcium channels and fused 1,4-DHP derivatives affecting calcium channels. In addition, the basic considerations of synthesis, metabolism, structure-activity relationships and the latest developments on fused 1,4-DHP derivatives will be reviewed. This review also has extended examples of fused 1,4-DHP derivatives having cited activities synthesized by our group.