Visean high-K mafic–intermediate plutonic rocks of the Ossa–Morena Zone (SW Iberia): implications for regional extensional tectonics

Abstract

Field relationships and new U–Pb geochronology data indicate a temporal link between the diverse high-K mafic–intermediate magmas of the Ossa–Morena Zone (OMZ). Ages of c. 338–335 Ma for the Vale de Maceiras gabbro and the Campo Maior microdiorite and quartz-diorite indicate that plutonism took place during a Variscan extensional D ₂ deformation event in the OMZ. The syntectonic nature of the Vale de Maceiras pluton is attested to by the orientation of intrusive contacts, magmatic foliation and the growth of contact metamorphic minerals in relation to the Variscan extensional D ₂ foliation. The Campo Maior microdiorite, quartz-diorite and orthomigmatites are temporally linked to high-temperature mylonitic gneisses formed simultaneously with the Variscan extensional D ₂ deformation event. The geochemical features of the Vale de Maceiras and Campo Maior mafic–intermediate rocks show an affinity with the sanukitoid series. This finding suggests that the observed geochemical variability, from tholeiitic to calc-alkaline and sanukitoid, in the Visean OMZ plutonic rocks ( c. 349–335 Ma) may have been inherited from partially melted mantle domains that were previously contaminated by crustal melts during subduction.