41
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Sarcopenia e envelhecimento Translated title: Sarcopenia and aging

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento está ligado ao grupo de alterações do desenvolvimento que ocorrem nos últimos anos de vida e está associado a alterações profundas na composição corporal. Essa perda relacionada à idade foi denominada "sarcopenia". OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a força muscular no processo de envelhecimento e identificar as variações entre os músculos do abdômen, membros superiores e inferiores. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo 48 indivíduos, que foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com a faixa etária: (G1) 11 a 18 anos, (G2) 20 a 26 anos, (G3) 45 a 60 anos e (G4) 66-82 anos. Os instrumentos de avaliação utilizados foram: 1) esfigmomanômetro (EM) - para análise da força de flexores e extensores da articulação do joelho; 2) flexão de tronco em decúbito dorsal - para avaliação da força dos músculos abdominais (graus 0 a 5); 3) dinamômetro Jamar - para avaliação da força de preensão palmar; e 4) dinamômetro Preston Pinch Gauge - para avaliação da força na pinça dos dedos (polegar e indicador). RESULTADOS: Foi observado crescente incremento da força muscular de membros inferiores e superiores com o avançar da idade (G1, G2 e G3) e significativa diminuição da força muscular em todos os segmentos avaliados no G4 quando comparado com o G3. Foi observada importante variação entre a força muscular dos segmentos avaliados e a idade. O trabalho sugere que a diminuição da força muscular torna-se evidente a partir da sexta década de vida, e que esta apresenta variações entre os músculos do abdômen, membros superiores e inferiores.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUCTION: The aging process refers to a group of developmental disorders that occur in recent years and is associated with profound changes in body composition. This age-related loss has been termed "sarcopenia". OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the muscular strength in the ageing process and identify the changes between the abdominal muscles, upper and louver edges. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 48 individuals participated in this study, being divided into four groups according to the age: (G1) 11 to 18 years old, (G2) 20 to 26 years old, (G3) 45 to 60 years old and (G4) 66-82 years old. The evaluation instruments used were: 1) sphygmomanometer (MS) - to analyze the strength of flexors and extensors of the knee joint; 2) trunk flexion in the supine position - to evaluate the strength of the abdominal muscles (grades 0-5); 3) Jamar dynamometer - for evaluation of grip strengthand; 4) Preston Pinch Gauge dynamometer - to evaluate the strength of the gripperfingers (thumb and forefinger). RESULTS: We have observed increasing development of the muscular strength of the upper and louver members with the ageing process (G1, G2 and G3) and significant decrease of the muscular strength of all segments tested in G4 when comparing with G3. We also observed an important variation between the muscular force of the tests segments and the age. The work suggests that the decrease of the muscular force becomes evident from the life sixth decade and that there are variations of strength among the abdominal muscles, upper and louver members.

          Related collections

          Most cited references52

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Low Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass (Sarcopenia) in Older Persons Is Associated with Functional Impairment and Physical Disability

          To establish the prevalence of sarcopenia in older Americans and to test the hypothesis that sarcopenia is related to functional impairment and physical disability in older persons.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Longitudinal changes in body composition in older men and women: role of body weight change and physical activity.

            Estimates of body-composition change in older adults are mostly derived from cross-sectional data. We examined the natural longitudinal patterns of change in fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in older adults and explored the effect of physical activity, weight change, and age on these changes. The body composition measured by hydrodensitometry and the level of sports and recreational activity (SRA) of 53 men and 78 women with a mean (+/-SD) initial age of 60.7 +/- 7.8 y were examined on 2 occasions separated by a mean (+/-SD) time of 9.4 +/- 1.4 y. FFM decreased in men (2.0% per decade) but not in women, whereas FM increased similarly in both sexes (7.5% per decade). Levels of SRA decreased more in men than in women over the follow-up period. Baseline age and level of SRA were inversely and independently associated with changes in FM in women only. Neither age nor level of SRA was associated with changes in FFM in men or women. Weight-stable subjects lost FFM. FFM accounted for 19% of body weight in those who gained weight, even in the presence of decreased levels of SRA. Loss of FFM (33% of body weight) was pronounced in those who lost weight, despite median SRA levels >4184 kJ/wk. On average, FM increased; however, the increase in women was attenuated with advancing age. The decrease in FFM over the follow-up period was small and masked the wide interindividual variation that was dependent on the magnitude of weight change. The contribution of weight stability, modest weight gains, or lifestyle changes that include regular resistance exercise in attenuating lean-tissue loss with age should be explored.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Body composition in healthy aging.

              Health risks in elderly people cannot be evaluated simply in conventional terms of body fatness or fat distribution. Elderly people have less muscle and bone mass, expanded extracellular fluid volumes, and reduced body cell mass compared to younger adults. These nonfat components of body composition play critical roles, influencing cognitive and physical functional status, nutritional and endocrine status, quality of life, and comorbidity in elderly people. Different patterns of "disordered body composition" have different relationships to these outcomes and may require different, tailored approaches to treatment that combine various exercise regimens and dietary supplements with hormone replacement or appetite-stimulating drugs. Skeletal muscle atrophy, or "sarcopenia," is highly prevalent in the elderly population, increases with age, and is strongly associated with disability, independent of morbidity. Elders at greatest risk are those who are simultaneously sarcopenic and obese. The accurate identification of sarcopenic obesity requires precise methods of simultaneously measuring fat and lean components, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                fm
                Fisioterapia em Movimento
                Fisioter. mov.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                1980-5918
                September 2011
                : 24
                : 3
                : 455-462
                Affiliations
                [01] Uberaba MG orgnameUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Brasil
                Article
                S0103-51502011000300010 S0103-5150(11)02400310
                10.1590/S0103-51502011000300010
                80b8c322-a05d-4b40-b1e1-312335060001

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 May 2011
                : 29 September 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Envelhecimento,Força muscular,Sarcopenia,Muscular strength,Aging

                Comments

                Comment on this article