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      La Gobernanza En La Actividad Turística: Una Revisión Sistemática Translated title: Governance In Tourism Activity: A Systematic Review

      research-article
      ,
      New Trends in Qualitative Research
      Ludomedia
      Participación, Actores, Normas., Participation, Actors, Norms.

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          Abstract

          Resumo El turismo es una actividad que genera ingresos y que da soporte a las comunidades rurales para que puedan generar ingresos dentro de los parámetros sostenibles, sin embargo, con la pandemia producida por el COVID 19, los impactos han sido devastadores para el sector y las comunidades. No obstante, con una gobernanza capaz de asegurar las condiciones de interacción entre los diversos actores, el proceso de reestructuración del sector debería presentar mejores expectativas. Ante ello, se plantearon como objetivo general del presente artículo analizar las experiencias sobre la gobernanza turística, mientras que los específicos fueron el analizar los diseños metodológicos y las premisas teóricas propuestas de los artículos. Para lograrlo, se planteó una metodología cualitativa, utilizando análisis de contenido, en el que luego de depurar las bases de datos, y usando la metodología Prisma, se procesaron 17 artículos. Llegando a la conclusión de que la gobernanza es entendida un proceso dinámico en la cual interactúan varios elementos teniendo como actores a la sociedad civil, empresa privada y la comunidad, siendo las autoridades las que deben velar porque dicho espacio de interacción se realice con la mayor transparencia.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Tourism is an income-generating activity that helps rural communities generate income within sustainable parameters, but with the COVID-19 pandemic, the impacts were devastating for the sector and the communities. However, with governance capable of ensuring conditions for interaction among the various actors, the process of restructuring the sector should have better prospects. Therefore, the general objective of this article was to analyze tourism governance experiences, while the specific objectives were to analyze the methodological designs and theoretical premises proposed in the articles. To this end, a qualitative methodology was used, through content analysis, in which, after purifying the databases and using the Prisma methodology, 17 articles were processed. The conclusion reached was that governance is understood as a dynamic process in which various elements interact, with civil society, private initiative and the community as actors, and that the authorities must ensure that this space for interaction is as transparent as possible.

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          Most cited references38

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          Gobernanza: una mirada desde América Latina

          El concepto de gobernanza adquiere cada vez más trascendencia en los debates teóricos europeos y en la práctica política, en tanto nuevo modo de gestionar las políticas públicas, a partir de las reformas del sector público en los años ochenta. Sin embargo, el debate en América Latina ha tenido características diferentes que el europeo, por lo que es necesario aportar una revisión crítica de la agenda propuesta para la transformación del Estado en la región y la transferencia de la noción de governance por los organismos multilaterales. Para comprender estas transformaciones, aquí se analizan tres áreas centrales de las reformas estatales emprendidas en América Latina: la privatización de servicios públicos, las nuevas ofertas de políticas sociales y los procesos de descentralización. Ello nos permitirá entender la tensión entre los modelos normativos y los particulares patrones de gobernanza que predominan en América Latina.
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            Tourism governance during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis: A proposal for a sustainable model to restore the tourism industry

            Unsustainable models of governance belonging to a widespread neoliberal mindset in developed countries have commonly been applied in the tourism industry. The management of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis has provided exemplary lessons regarding the application of sustainable models of governance. Through a participatory research, guidances are provided to tackle the COVID-19 effects in the tourist sector, namely in the Spanish southwestern region of Sierra de Gata. Seventeen indicators are proposed to enhance the safety measures, commitment of tourist authorities, communities empowered and protection of common resources among tourism industry, tourist authority and communities to spread cooperative awareness, mutual trust and shared objectives. Using a sample of 161 tourism companies, we tested a model of tourism governance with two focus groups during May and October 2020. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilized. Based on the data attained from a questionnaire and interviews, a sustainable tourism model to recover the threatened tourism sector is proposed. Indeed, our results can be used to draw theoretical and practical conclusions such as 1.) connecting private and public interactions to tackle the spread of the virus and strategies to recover the damaged tourist sector, 2.) to develop corporative values among the tourist industry and communities, 3.) to enhance governance models (trusts, consortia, tourist boards, clusters) to promote cooperation, 4.) to improve the local participation of companies, communities and associations in decision-making, and 5.) to prioritize qualitative development goals over quantitative ones, in the touristic territory. These conclusions are applicable to other regions suffering from the damaging consequences of the pandemic.
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              Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ntqr
                New Trends in Qualitative Research
                NTQR
                Ludomedia (Oliveira de Azeméis, , Portugal )
                2184-7770
                March 2024
                : 19
                : e879
                Affiliations
                [1] Lima orgnameUniversidad Ricardo Palma Peru
                [2] Lima orgnameUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Peru
                Article
                S2184-77702024000100014 S2184-7770(24)01900000014
                10.36367/ntqr.19.2023.e879
                81a2f2ae-ad09-4d51-bd2a-13d5c8ed4b2b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 March 2023
                : 30 September 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Articulos Originales

                Participation,Norms.,Participación,Actores,Normas.,Actors
                Participation, Norms., Participación, Actores, Normas., Actors

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