Protocolo para avaliação física em portadores de síndrome de fibromialgia

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Abstract

Introdução: A síndrome da fibromialgia (SFM) é uma doença crônica que provoca dor e fadiga e apresenta impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. O exercício auxilia na manutenção da aptidão física e influencia diretamente na melhoria da qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Elaborar um protocolo para avaliação física relacionada à saúde de portadores da SFM com testes que sejam viáveis e apropriados para esse público. Método: Foi feita uma revisão da literatura de forma exploratória e analítica, para determinar os testes usados pela comunidade científica. Com isso, fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico por meio do banco de dados das bibliotecas virtuais PubMed, Bireme, Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações publicados entre 1992 e 2012. Resultados: Demonstraram uma variedade de testes, em que se destacaram, em número de citações, os seguintes: Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e Bioimpedância; Caminhada de 6 minutos; Força de preensão manual (dinamômetro), 1 RM [Repetição Máxima]); Sentar e alcançar e Flexibilidade de ombro; Levantar e ir - Foot Up and Go e Equilíbrio do flamingo. Conclusão: Estes são os testes que devem compor o protocolo para avaliação física de portadores de SFM. Ressalte-se que esse protocolo é de fácil utilização.

Translated abstract

Introduction: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease that causes pain and fatigue, presenting a negative impact on quality of life. Exercise helps maintaining physical fitness and influences directly on the improvement of quality of life. Objective: Develop a protocol for health-related physical fitness assessment of patients with FMS with tests that are feasible and appropriate for this population. Method: An exploratory and analytical literature review was performed, seeking to determine the tests used by the scientific community. With this in mind, we performed a literature revision through the use of virtual libraries databases: PubMed, Bireme, Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes and Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, published in between 1992-2012. Results: A variety of tests was found; the following, by number of citations, stood out: Body Mass Index (BMI) and bioimpedance; 6-minute walk; handgrip strength (dynamometer, 1RM [Repetition Maximum]); Sit and reach and Shoulder flexibility; Foot Up and Go, and Flamingo balance. Conclusion: These are the tests that should make up the protocol for the physical evaluation of FMS patients, emphasizing their ease of use.

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Atividade física saúde e qualidade de vida: conceitos e sugestões para um estilo de vida ativo

MV Nahas, M. Nahas, MV Nahas … (2001)

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Analysis of the impact of fibromyalgia on quality of life: associated factors.

Isabel Ruiz-Pérez, Ma Bermejo Pérez, Antonio Olry de Labry-Lima … (2008)

We analysed the impact of fibromyalgia (FM) on the functional capacity of patients suffering this syndrome and identified factors that are associated with greater disease impact. We performed a cross-sectional descriptive telephone survey on all patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia during 2003 in a university hospital in Spain. Variables studied were socio-demographic, job, clinical, health and psycho-social characteristics of patients diagnosed with FM and impact of FM on them. Disease impact was measured by means of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). The rest of variables were collected by means of an expressly designed questionnaire. The relation between FIQ score and the other variables was performed with a bivariate analysis, using several tests depending on the variables involved. To analyse the factors associated with greatest disease impact, a multivariate linear regression model was designed. The average FIQ score for the sample was 63.6. Having a larger number of children, being tired and being in a depressed mood were the symptoms that most affected activities of daily living. A diagnosis of any mental illness, reference to repercussion on the family environment, a lower self-rated health and having consulted more specialists before FM diagnosis were associated with a higher impact after adjusting according to all the variables in the model. It can be confirmed that the FIQ is a useful instrument for measuring the impact of FM on quality of life. Identifying factors that determine the extent of its impact will enable more effective therapeutic strategies to be designed.