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      Studying daily fluctuations of emotional effort among nurses of intensive care units: the establishment of latent profiles and its relationship with daily secondary traumatic stress and vitality

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Nursing professionals working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) face significant challenges that can result in secondary traumatic stress (STS). These challenges stem from witnessing patients’ suffering and managing difficult tasks (i.e. communication with patients’ relatives). Furthermore, these professionals encounter emotional demands, such as emotional effort, which is the dissonance between the emotion felt and the emotion that should be expressed to meet work expectations. Consequently, we aimed to investigate whether different profiles exist concerning nurses’ levels of emotional effort over a five-day period and whether these profiles are related to daily STS and vitality.

          Methods

          The sample comprised 44 nursing professionals from ICUs in Spanish hospitals. They were assessed daily, using a package of questionnaires twice per day for five working days: a) immediately after their shift and b) at a later time after working.

          Results

          The findings revealed three distinct profiles based on emotional effort levels: high (Profile 1), moderate (Profile 2), and low (Profile 3). These profiles were found to be negative predictors for both daily shattered assumptions and symptomatology.

          Discussion

          This study underscores the importance of assessing daily emotional demands in an ICU setting. Such assessments are crucial for establishing preventive measures to help nursing professionals manage lower-level emotional demands.

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          Most cited references65

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          Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies.

          Philip M Podsakoff, Scott MacKenzie, Jeong-Yeon Lee … (2003)
          Interest in the problem of method biases has a long history in the behavioral sciences. Despite this, a comprehensive summary of the potential sources of method biases and how to control for them does not exist. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which method biases influence behavioral research results, identify potential sources of method biases, discuss the cognitive processes through which method biases influence responses to measures, evaluate the many different procedural and statistical techniques that can be used to control method biases, and provide recommendations for how to select appropriate procedural and statistical remedies for different types of research settings.
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            The job demands-resources model of burnout.

            Evangelia Demerouti, Arnold B. Bakker, Friedhelm Nachreiner … (2001)
            Article 0 comments Cited 1404 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Deciding on the Number of Classes in Latent Class Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study

              Karen L. Nylund, Tihomir Asparouhov, Bengt O. Muthén (2007)
              Article 0 comments Cited 1308 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Jennifer E. Moreno-Jiménez: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/983011/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Miriam Romero: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2676436/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Luis Manuel Blanco-Donoso: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/347028/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Mercedes Hernández-Hurtado: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2676368/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Eva Garrosa: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/562713/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychol.
                Title: Frontiers in Psychology
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-1078
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 March 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 15
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1340740
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria , Madrid, Spain
                [2] 2Department of Biological and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
                [3] 3Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
                Author notes

                Edited by: Gema Pérez-Rojo, CEU San Pablo University, Spain

                Reviewed by: Eva Cifre, University of Jaume I, Spain

                Alberto Amutio, University of the Basque Country, Spain

                *Correspondence: Jennifer E. Moreno-Jiménez, jenniferelena.moreno@ 123456ufv.es
                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1340740
                PMC ID: 10978758
                PubMed ID: 38558776
                SO-VID: 85efbb2a-6136-4f6f-a5eb-61f353fa4ac6
                Copyright © Copyright © 2024 Moreno-Jiménez, Romero, Blanco-Donoso, Hernández-Hurtado and Garrosa.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 18 November 2023
                Date accepted : 27 February 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 11, Words: 9063
                Funding
                The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the I+D+I National Project of Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2019-106368GB-I00)/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the project financed by Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV2023-03). Also, the work has been supported by the National Thesis Award Lafourcade-Ponce 2023.
                Categories
                Subject: Psychology
                Subject: Original Research
                Custom metadata
                section-at-acceptance Psychology for Clinical Settings

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: diary study,emotional effort,secondary traumatic stress,vitality,latent profile
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: diary study, emotional effort, secondary traumatic stress, vitality, latent profile

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