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      Forestry development, water scarcity, and the Mapuche protest for environmental justice in Chile Translated title: Desarrollo forestal, escasez hídrica, y la protesta social Mapuche por la justicia ambiental en Chile

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          Abstract

          Abstract From a theoretical approach based on political ecology and environmental justice, we assess how forestry development has generated socio-spatial dynamics of environmental degradation and water scarcity in southern Chile. Through historical-geographical and ethnographic methods, we discuss how and why the spread of forestry plantations has significantly influenced social and environmental degradation of the Mapuche's modes of living. In response, during recent decades a political articulation of a Mapuche social movement is observed. Their demands include land, autonomy, rights and opportunities to frame their own development strategies. Within the internal diversity of this movement, a key principle is reversing the spread of environmental degradation by recovering the native forest and its natural water cycles, which have been disrupted significantly by the increasing of forestry plantations. We explore these dynamics of the Mapuche movement from an environmental justice approach.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Desde un enfoque basado en la ecología política y la justicia ambiental, evaluamos cómo el desarrollo forestal silvícola ha generado dinámicas socio-espaciales de degradación ambiental y escasez hídrica en el sur de Chile. Mediante métodos histórico-geográfico y etnográfico, discutimos cómo y porqué el avance y consolidación del sector forestal ha influido significativamente en una creciente degradación social y ambiental de las condiciones de vida de las comunidades Mapuche. En respuesta, durante las últimas décadas se observa la articulación política de un movimiento social Mapuche, cuyas demandas son tierra, autonomía, respeto de derechos y posibilidades de guiar su propio desarrollo. Dentro de la diversidad interna de este movimiento, destaca la idea de revertir el avance de la degradación ambiental, que implica recuperar el bosque nativo, especialmente sus ciclos naturales de agua, interrumpidos significativamente por el avance de monocultivos forestales. Exploramos estas dinámicas del movimiento Mapuche desde la mirada de la justicia ambiental.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Com um enfoque baseado na ecologia política e na justiça ambiental, avaliamos como o desenvolvimento florestal silvícola tem gerado dinâmicas socio-espaciais de degradação ambiental e escassez hídrica no sul do Chile. Através de métodos histórico-geográfico e etnográfico, discutimos como e porque o avanço e a consolidação do setor florestal tem influenciado significativamente na crescente degradação social e ambiental das condições de vida dos Mapuches. Em resposta a isto, durante as últimas décadas se observa a articulação política do movimento social Mapuche, cujas demandas são terra, autonomia, respeito de direitos e possibilidades de guiar seu próprio desenvolvimento. Dentro da diversidade interna desse movimento, se destaca a idéia de reverter o avanço da degradação ambiental, que implica recuperar a mata nativa e seu ciclo natural de água, interrompidos significativamente pelos avanços dos monocultivos florestais. Estas dinâmicas do movimento Mapuche são exploradas desde o ponto de vista da justiça ambiental.

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          Most cited references78

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                asoc
                Ambiente & Sociedade
                Ambient. soc.
                ANPPAS - Revista Ambiente e Sociedade (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1414-753X
                1809-4422
                March 2016
                : 19
                : 1
                : 121-144
                Affiliations
                [2] Arizona orgnameArizona State University orgdiv1School of Human Evolution and Social Change United States robinson.torres@ 123456asu.edu
                [6] Temuco Araucanía orgnameUniversidad de La Frontera orgdiv1Center for Management and Water Technology Chile
                [4] Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de Barcelona Spain noeliacarrasco@ 123456udec.cl
                [5] Temuco Araucanía orgnameUniversidad de La Frontera orgdiv1Department of Civil Engineering Chile mauricio.zambrano@ 123456ufrontera.cl
                [3] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad de Concepción Chile gazocar@ 123456udec.cl
                [7] Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal da Bahia Brazil tati.ufsc@ 123456gmail.com
                [8] Arizona orgnameArizona State University orgdiv1School of Human Evolution and Social Change orgdiv2Program in Environmental Social Science United States bob.bolin@ 123456asu.edu
                Article
                S1414-753X2016000100008
                10.1590/1809-4422asoc150134r1v1912016
                87e15c4b-5d3a-44ab-b119-5b80359f63d7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 December 2015
                : 15 June 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 53, Pages: 24
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Articles

                Monocultivo forestal,escasez de agua,Mapuche,justicia hídrica,bienes comunes naturales,Forestry monoculture,water scarcity,water justice,natural commons,Monocultivo florestal,escassez de água,justiça hídrica,áreas comunais

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