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      A microbial evolutionary approach for a sustainable future

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      Author(s): 1 ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Microbial Biotechnology
      Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc.

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          Abstract

          With the continued population increase, more sustainable use of water, land, air and chemicals is imperative. Microorganisms will need to be called upon to aid in many sustainability efforts. Prokaryotes are the fastest‐evolving cellular life, and most manipulatable via synthetic biology. Moreover, their natural diversity in processing organic and inorganic chemicals, and their survivability in extreme niches, make them prime agents to enlist for solving many of society's pressing problems.

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          An engineered PET depolymerase to break down and recycle plastic bottles

          V Tournier, C M Topham, A Gilles … (2020)
          Present estimates suggest that of the 359 million tons of plastics produced annually worldwide1, 150-200 million tons accumulate in landfill or in the natural environment2. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is the most abundant polyester plastic, with almost 70 million tons manufactured annually worldwide for use in textiles and packaging3. The main recycling process for PET, via thermomechanical means, results in a loss of mechanical properties4. Consequently, de novo synthesis is preferred and PET waste continues to accumulate. With a high ratio of aromatic terephthalate units-which reduce chain mobility-PET is a polyester that is extremely difficult to hydrolyse5. Several PET hydrolase enzymes have been reported, but show limited productivity6,7. Here we describe an improved PET hydrolase that ultimately achieves, over 10 hours, a minimum of 90 per cent PET depolymerization into monomers, with a productivity of 16.7 grams of terephthalate per litre per hour (200 grams per kilogram of PET suspension, with an enzyme concentration of 3 milligrams per gram of PET). This highly efficient, optimized enzyme outperforms all PET hydrolases reported so far, including an enzyme8,9 from the bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis strain 201-F6 (even assisted by a secondary enzyme10) and related improved variants11-14 that have attracted recent interest. We also show that biologically recycled PET exhibiting the same properties as petrochemical PET can be produced from enzymatically depolymerized PET waste, before being processed into bottles, thereby contributing towards the concept of a circular PET economy.
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            Prokaryotes: The unseen majority

            W Whitman, W J Wiebe, D C Coleman (1998)
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              Characterization and engineering of a plastic-degrading aromatic polyesterase

              Harry Austin, Mark D Allen, Bryon S. Donohoe … (2018)
              Significance Synthetic polymers are ubiquitous in the modern world but pose a global environmental problem. While plastics such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) are highly versatile, their resistance to natural degradation presents a serious, growing risk to fauna and flora, particularly in marine environments. Here, we have characterized the 3D structure of a newly discovered enzyme that can digest highly crystalline PET, the primary material used in the manufacture of single-use plastic beverage bottles, in some clothing, and in carpets. We engineer this enzyme for improved PET degradation capacity and further demonstrate that it can also degrade an important PET replacement, polyethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate, providing new opportunities for biobased plastics recycling.
              Article 0 comments Cited 290 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Lawrence P. Wackett:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-1101
                wacke003@umn.edu
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Microb Biotechnol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Microb Biotechnol
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1111/(ISSN)1751-7915
                Journal ID (publisher-id): MBT2
                Title: Microbial Biotechnology
                Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1751-7915
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 August 2023
                Publication date Collection: October 2023
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 10 ( doiID: 10.1111/mbt2.v16.10 )
                Pages: 1895-1899
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics University of Minnesota Twin Cities Minnesota USA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Lawrence P. Wackett, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA.

                Email: wacke003@ 123456umn.edu

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-1101
                Article
                Publisher ID: MBT214331 Other ID: MICROBIO-2023-330
                DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14331
                PMC ID: 10527186
                PubMed ID: 37602659
                SO-VID: 881af68c-7b85-4637-be2c-c916287714ea
                Copyright © © 2023 The Author. Microbial Biotechnology published by Applied Microbiology International and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 27 July 2023
                Date accepted : 07 August 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Pages: 5, Words: 3329
                Funding
                Funded by: National Science Foundation , doi 10.13039/100000001;
                Award ID: 2203750
                Categories
                Subject: Opinion
                Subject: Opinion
                Custom metadata
                source-schema-version-number 2.0
                cover-date October 2023
                details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.3.4 mode:remove_FC converted:27.09.2023

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Biotechnology

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