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      Self-concept in preadolescence: A brief version of AF5 scale Translated title: Autoconcepto en la preadolescencia: Una versión breve de la escala AF5 Translated title: Auto-conceito na pré-adolescência: Uma breve versão da escala AF5

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of a brief version of the AF5 questionnaire (García & Musitu, 2001) using exploratory and confirmatory techniques on a preadolescent population in the Valencian community (Spain). The sample was made up of 541 participants between 10 and 12 years old, 55.1% (298) boys and 44.9% (243) girls. After observing the results of different reliability and validity analyses (exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)), it was found that the reduced scale consisting of 20 items showed a similar reliability and validity to the original scale. The factorial structure also fits that of the original model established a priori. According to the results of the study, the use of this diagnostic tool with Spanish children seems justified.

          Translated abstract

          El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de una versión abreviada del cuestionario AF5 (García & Musitu, 2001) utilizando técnicas exploratorias y confirmatorias en una población preadolescente en la comunidad Valenciana (España). La muestra se compone de 541 participantes entre 10 y 12 años de edad, 55.1% niños (298) y el 44,9% niñas (243). Tras observar los resultados de diferentes análisis de fiabilidad y validez (análisis factorial exploratorio (EPT) y el análisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA)), se encontró que la escala reducida consistente en 20 ítems mostró una fiabilidad y validez similar a la escala original. La estructura factorial también se ajusta a la del modelo original establecida a priori. De acuerdo con los resultados del estudio, el uso de esta herramienta de diagnóstico con niños españoles parece justificado.

          Translated abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as propriedades psicométricas de uma versão reduzida do questionário AF5 (Garcia & Musitu, 2001), utilizando técnicas exploratórias e confirmatórias, em uma população pré-adolescente na comunidade Valenciana (Espanha). A amostra foi composta de 541 participantes entre 10 e 12 anos de idade, 55,1% do sexo masculino (298) e 44,9% do sexo feminino (243). Depois de observar os resultados de diferentes análises de confiabilidade e validade (análise fatorial exploratória (EFA) e análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA)), verificou-se que o questionário reduzido, composto por 20 itens, mostrou uma confiabilidade e validade semelhantes aos do questionário original. A estrutura fatorial também se encaixa no modelo original estabelecido a priori. De acordo com os resultados da pesquisa, o uso desta ferramenta de diagnóstico com crianças espanholas parecem justificados.

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          Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research.

          This chapter presents a review of applications of structural equation modeling (SEM) published in psychological research journals in recent years. We focus first on the variety of research designs and substantive issues to which SEM can be applied productively. We then discuss a number of methodological problems and issues of concern that characterize some of this literature. Although it is clear that SEM is a powerful tool that is being used to great benefit in psychological research, it is also clear that the applied SEM literature is characterized by some chronic problems and that this literature can be considerably improved by greater attention to these issues.
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            Psychological characteristics, stressful life events and deliberate self-harm: findings from the Child & Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) Study.

            There is evidence to suggest that both psychological characteristics and stressful life events are contributory factors in deliberate self-harm among young people. These links, and the possibility of a dose-response relationship between self-harm and both psychological health and life events, were investigated in the context of a seven-country school-based study. Over 30,000, mainly 15 and 16 year olds, completed anonymous questionnaires at secondary schools in Belgium, England, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway and Australia. Pupils were asked to report on thoughts and episodes of self-harm, complete scales on depression and anxiety symptoms, impulsivity and self-esteem and indicate stressful events in their lives. Level and frequency of self-harm was judged according to whether they had thought about harming themselves or reported single or multiple self-harm episodes. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the extent to which psychological characteristics and stressful life events distinguished between adolescents with different self-harm histories. Increased severity of self-harm history was associated with greater depression, anxiety and impulsivity and lower self-esteem and an increased prevalence of all ten life event categories. Female gender, higher impulsivity and experiencing the suicide or self-harm of others, physical or sexual abuse and worries about sexual orientation independently differentiated single-episode self-harmers from adolescents with self-harm thoughts only. Female gender, higher depression, lower self-esteem, experiencing the suicide or self-harm of others, and trouble with the police independently distinguished multiple- from single-episode self-harmers. The findings reinforce the importance of psychological characteristics and stressful life events in adolescent self-harm but nonetheless suggest that some factors are more likely than others to be implicated.
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              Sustained attention, attentional selectivity, and attentional capacity across the lifespan.

              Changes in sustained attention, attentional selectivity, and attentional capacity were examined in a sample of 113 participants between the ages of 12 and 75. To measure sustained attention, we employed the sustained-attention-to-response task (Robertson, Manly, Andrade, Baddeley, & Yiend, Neuropsychologia 35:747-58, 1997), a short continuous-performance test designed to capture fluctuations in sustained attention. To measure attentional selectivity and capacity, we employed a paradigm based on the theory of visual attention (Bundesen, Psychological Review 97:523-547, 1990), which enabled the estimation of parameters related to attentional selection, perceptual threshold, visual short-term memory capacity, and processing capacity. We found evidence of age-related decline in each of the measured variables, but the declines varied markedly in terms of magnitude and lifespan trajectory. Variables relating to attentional capacity showed declines of very large effect sizes, while variables relating to attentional selectivity and sustained attention showed declines of medium to large effect sizes, suggesting that attentional control is relatively preserved in older adults. The variables relating to sustained attention followed a U-shaped, curvilinear trend, and the variables relating to attentional selectivity and capacity showed linear decline from early adulthood, providing further support for the differentiation of attentional functions.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                motriz
                Motriz: Revista de Educação Física
                Motriz: rev. educ. fis.
                Universidade Estadual Paulista (Rio Claro )
                1980-6574
                June 2014
                : 20
                : 2
                : 151-157
                Article
                S1980-65742014000200151
                10.1590/S1980-65742014000200004
                8b4bc86f-5c40-4356-abe7-2d746291028e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1980-6574&lng=en
                Categories
                SPORT SCIENCES

                Sports medicine
                self-concept,AF5,preadolescence,physical activity,autoconcepto,preadolescencia,actividad física,autoconceito,escala de autoconceito AF5,pré-adolescência,atividade física

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