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      Analgesia com laser terapêutico após tonsilectomia Translated title: Therapeutic laser for pain relief after tonsillectomy

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: O pós-operatório da tonsilectomia é, em geral, bastante doloroso e os pacientes necessitam de analgésicos. Este estudo visou avaliar a eficácia da aplicação do laser terapêutico no controle da dor no pós-operatório de tonsilectomia. MÉTODOS: 18 crianças de cinco a 15 anos de idade foram submetidas à adenotonsilectomia, no período de junho de 2005 a outubro de 2006, sendo randomizadas para receber aplicações de laser terapêutico na área cirúrgica imediatamente após o procedimento e 24 horas após a cirurgia (n=9) ou seguir a rotina, com analgesia farmacológica, se necessário. A avaliação da dor foi realizada por escala analógica de dor, pela necessidade de analgésicos e pela aceitação da dieta no pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes submetidos à aplicação do laser apresentaram medianas das notas da escala de avaliação da dor menores e utilizaram menos analgésicos no pós-operatório em comparação aos pacientes controles. A aceitação da dieta nos dois grupos não foi diferente. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados preliminares mostraram que o laser terapêutico foi eficaz na diminuição da dor e na redução de uso de analgésicos no pós-operatório de tonsilectomias em crianças e adolescentes.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: The postoperative period of a tonsillectomy is usually very painful, requiring the use of pain-relieving drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in post-tonsillectomy pain control. METHODS: 18 children aged 5 to 15 years undergoing adenotonsillectomy between June 2005 and October 2006 were randomized to receive either local application of therapeutic laser immediately after surgery and 24 hours postoperatively (n=9) or routine analgesic drug therapy, if necessary. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale scores, need for analgesics, and acceptance of diet during the postoperative period. RESULTS: Patients undergoing laser applications had lower median pain scores and required less analgesic medication postoperatively than the control group. Acceptance of diet was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results showed that low-level laser therapy is effective in the reduction of post-tonsillectomy pain, minimizing the need of analgesic medication in children and adolescents.

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          Low-energy He/Ne laser in the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis. A multicenter phase III randomized study in patients with head and neck cancer.

          Use of the low-energy helium-neon laser (LEL) appears to be a simple atraumatic technique for the prevention and treatment of mucositis of various origins. Preliminary findings, and significant results obtained for chemotherapy-induced mucositis in a previous phase III study, prompted a randomized multicenter double-blind trial to evaluate LEL in the prevention of acute radiation-induced stomatitis. Irradiation by LEL corresponds to local application of a high-photon-density monochromatic light source. Activation of epithelial healing for LEL-treated surfaces, the most commonly recognized effect, has been confirmed by numerous in vitro studies. The mechanism of action at a molecular and enzymatic level is presently being studied. From September 1994 to March 1998, 30 patients were randomized. Technical specification: 60 mW (25 mW at Reims, 1 patient), He-Ne, wavelength 632.8 nm. The trial was open to patients with carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity, treated by radiotherapy alone (65 Gy at a rate of 2 Gy/fraction, 5 fractions per week) without prior surgery or concomitant chemotherapy. The malignant tumor had to be located outside the tested laser application areas (9 points): posterior third of the internal surfaces of the cheeks, soft palate and anterior tonsillar pillars. Patients were randomized to LEL or placebo light treatment, starting on the first day of radiotherapy and before each session. The treatment time (t) for each application point was given by the equation : t(s)= energy (J/cm2) x surface (cm2)/Power (W). Objective assessment of the degree of mucositis was recorded weekly by a physician blinded to the type of treatment, using the WHO scale for grading of mucositis and a segmented visual analogue scale for pain evaluation. Protocol feasibility and compliance were excellent. Grade 3 mucositis occured with a frequency of 35.2% without LEL and of 7.6% with LEL (P<0.01). The frequency of "severe pain" (grade 3) was 23.8% without LEL, falling to 1.9% with LEL (P<0.05). Pain relief was significantly reduced throughout the treatment period (weeks 2-7). LEL therapy is capable of reducing the severity and duration of oral mucositis associated with radiation therapy. In addition, there is a tremendous potential for using LEL in combined treatment protocols utilizing concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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            Photobiological principles of therapeutic applications of laser radiation.

            Laser therapy based on the stimulating and healing action of light of low-intensity lasers (LIL), along with laser surgery and photodynamic therapy, has been lately widely applied in the irradiation of human tissues in the absence of exogenous photosensitizers. Besides LIL, light-emitting diodes are used in phototherapy (photobiostimulation) whose action, like that of LIL, depends on the radiation wavelength, dose, and distribution of light intensity in time but, according to all available data, does not depend on the coherence of radiation.
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              Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy pain reduction by local bupivacaine infiltration in children

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rpp
                Revista Paulista de Pediatria
                Rev. paul. pediatr.
                Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo (São Paulo )
                1984-0462
                September 2010
                : 28
                : 3
                : 322-328
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0103-05822010000300011
                10.1590/S0103-05822010000300011
                8bfbab8b-69c5-4afe-abb9-16b8f972487f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-0582&lng=en
                Categories
                PEDIATRICS

                Pediatrics
                laser therapy,tonsillectomy,pain,child,terapia a laser,tonsilectomia,dor,criança
                Pediatrics
                laser therapy, tonsillectomy, pain, child, terapia a laser, tonsilectomia, dor, criança

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