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      Is Open Access

      International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory CNS syndrome distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) that is associated with serum aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibodies (AQP4-IgG). Prior NMO diagnostic criteria required optic nerve and spinal cord involvement but more restricted or more extensive CNS involvement may occur. The International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND) was convened to develop revised diagnostic criteria using systematic literature reviews and electronic surveys to facilitate consensus. The new nomenclature defines the unifying term NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD), which is stratified further by serologic testing (NMOSD with or without AQP4-IgG). The core clinical characteristics required for patients with NMOSD with AQP4-IgG include clinical syndromes or MRI findings related to optic nerve, spinal cord, area postrema, other brainstem, diencephalic, or cerebral presentations. More stringent clinical criteria, with additional neuroimaging findings, are required for diagnosis of NMOSD without AQP4-IgG or when serologic testing is unavailable. The IPND also proposed validation strategies and achieved consensus on pediatric NMOSD diagnosis and the concepts of monophasic NMOSD and opticospinal MS.

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          Most cited references46

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: A multicentre study of 175 patients

          Sven Jarius, Klemens Ruprecht, Brigitte Wildemann … (2012)
          Background The diagnostic and pathophysiological relevance of antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4-Ab) in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) has been intensively studied. However, little is known so far about the clinical impact of AQP4-Ab seropositivity. Objective To analyse systematically the clinical and paraclinical features associated with NMO spectrum disorders in Caucasians in a stratified fashion according to the patients' AQP4-Ab serostatus. Methods Retrospective study of 175 Caucasian patients (AQP4-Ab positive in 78.3%). Results Seropositive patients were found to be predominantly female (p 1 myelitis attacks in the first year were identified as possible predictors of a worse outcome. Conclusion This study provides an overview of the clinical and paraclinical features of NMOSD in Caucasians and demonstrates a number of distinct disease characteristics in seropositive and seronegative patients.
          Article 0 comments Cited 252 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype.

            Mark Woodhall, Patrick Waters, Emma Devenney … (2012)
            To report an association of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies with aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-seronegative neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in adults. We describe the clinical and serologic features of 4 adult patients with an NMO/NMOSD phenotype who had antibodies to MOG. Twenty-seven adult AQP4-seronegative NMO/NMOSD patients were tested for MOG antibodies. Four patients (3 male, 1 female) with severe optic neuritis and/or longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis were positive. All 4 made good recoveries with steroids or plasma exchange. Two patients experienced recurrence of symptoms when corticosteroids were withdrawn quickly but none have experienced further relapses over a mean follow-up of 12 months, although 3 patients remain on treatment. Imaging abnormalities resolved fully following clinical recovery and MOG antibody titers fell in all 4 patients. MOG antibodies were not found in 44 AQP4 antibody-positive NMO/NMOSD patients, 75 adult patients with multiple sclerosis, or 47 healthy individuals. MOG antibody-associated NMO/NMOSD could account for some cases thought previously to be AQP4-seronegative NMO/NMOSD. Our 4 patients appear to have more favorable clinical outcomes than those with typical AQP4 antibody-mediated disease. However, further studies of NMO/NMOSD and other demyelinating conditions are required to help clarify the diagnostic and prognostic relevance of MOG antibodies.
            Article 0 comments Cited 149 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression.

              Claudia Lucchinetti, Dean Wingerchuk, John Corboy … (2006)
              Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-IgG is a specific autoantibody marker for NMO. It binds selectively to aquaporin 4 (AQP4), which is highly concentrated in astrocytic foot processes at the blood-brain barrier and is not restricted to optic nerve and spinal cord. Although it is conventionally believed that the brain is spared, brain imaging abnormalities are not uncommon in patients with NMO. To investigate the location of brain lesions that are distinctive for NMO with respect to the localization of AQP4 in mammalian brain. Observational, retrospective case series. Clinical serologic cohort of patients tested for NMO-IgG for whom brain MRI images were available. We identified 120 patients seropositive for NMO-IgG for whom brain magnetic resonance images were available. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. In 8 patients we observed recurring and distinctive magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in the hypothalamic and periventricular areas that corresponded to brain regions of high AQP4 expression. The distribution of NMO-characteristic brain lesions corresponds to sites of high AQP4 expression.
              Article 0 comments Cited 134 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Dean M. Wingerchuk:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. (1) Adjudication committee for therapeutic trial, MedImmune

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. (1) The Neurologist, Co-Editor-in-Chief, 2014-present, (2) Current Medical Research and Opinion, Editorial Advisory Board member, 2006-present, (3) Drugs in Context, Editorial Advisory Board Member, 2012-present

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. (1)Alexion, (2) Chugai Pharmaceuticals,(3) MedImmune

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. (1) Alexion,(2) TerumoBCT

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. (1) Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Brenda Banwell:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Scientific Advisory Board, Biogen-IDEC, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Novartis.

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. I have received speaker's honoraria or travel support to speak at sponsored meetings from Biogen-IDEC, Merck- Serono, Teva Neuroscience and Bayer. I have not received this for more than 2 years.

                Editorial Boards:

                1. I serve on the Editorial Board for Neurology. I receive no financial remuneration. I also serve on the Editorial Board for a new journal, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. I receive compensation for this work .

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. I have served as a consultant to Biogen-IDEC, Eli Lilly, Sanofi.

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. I have spoken at an event supported by the Consortium of MS Centers

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. Canadian Institutes of Health Research

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation National Multiple Sclerosis Society

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Jeffrey L. Bennett:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. (1) Apsara Therapeutics

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Editorial Board, Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology Editorial Board, Multiple Sclerosis Journal Editorial Board, Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation

                Patents:

                1. (1) Compositions and Methods for the Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica; novel blocking monoclonal therapy for neuromyelitis optica: PCT/US2012/034662

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. (1) EMD-Serono (2) Questcor Pharmaceuticals (3) Alnaylam Pharmaceuticals (4) Medimmune (5) Abbvie (6) Novartis Pharmaceuticals (7) Chugai Pharmaceuticals (8) Genzyme (9) Genentech

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. (1) Questcor Pharmaceuticals (2) Novartis Pharmaceuticals

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. (1) National Institutes of Health (NEI) (2) Guthy-Jackson Foundation

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. (1) Apsara Therapeutics

                License fee payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. (1) Aquaporumab, license fees

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. (1) Aquaporumab, rights for future royalty payments

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Philippe Cabre:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                William Carroll:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. (1) MS Research Australia. Chair Research Management Council Chair Research Review Board

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. (1) MS Research Australia; travel assistance to meetings and Board meetings (2) Novartis travel assistance to attend ECTRIMS (3) Biogen Idec travel assistance to attend AAN Philadelphia (4) Novartis travel assistance to attend PACTRIMS and MS Days Istanbul Istanbul

                Editorial Boards:

                1. MSJ; Multiple Sclerosis Journal. Editor Asia Pacific.

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. Editor International Neurology. A Textbook of Neurology. Wiley Blackwell. 2009 - 2013.

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other activities:

                1. Vice President World Federation of Neurology. Vice President and Treasurer PACTRIMS. Regular organisation of international meetings

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Tanuja Chitnis:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Dr. Chitnis has served on advisory boards for Novartis Pharmaceuticals, and Genzyme-Sanofi.

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. Dr. Chitnis has served as a consultant for Biogen-Idec, Novartis, Merck- Sereno and Alexion.

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. Dr. Chitnis receives research support from (1) EMD-Serono and (2) Novartis in the form of Independent Investigator Awards.

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. Dr. Chitnis receives research support from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Peabody Foundation, the Consortium for MS Centers and the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Jérôme de Seze:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Alexion, Chugai, Novartis

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Revue Neurologique

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Kazuo Fujihara:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Serves on scientific advisory boards for Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Novartis Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Nihon Pharmaceutical, Merck Serono, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Medimmune and Medical Review.

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. has received funding for travel and speaker honoraria from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Eisai Inc., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Novartis Pharma, Astellas Pharma Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Daiichi Sankyo, and Nihon Pharmaceutical.

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Serve as an editorial board member of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology (2009-present) and a advisory board member of Sri Lanka journal of Neurology.

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. has received research support from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec Japan, Asahi Kasei Medical, The Chemo-Sero- Therapeutic Research Institute, Teva Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Teijin Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical,Ono Pharmaceutical, Nihon Pharmaceutical, and Genzyme Japan.

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. funded as the secondary investigator (22229008, 2010?2015) by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Japan and as the secondary investigator by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labor of Japan (2010?present).

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Benjamin Greenberg:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. Multiple Sclerosis Association of America

                Editorial Boards:

                1. JAMA Neurology

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. Novartis, Diogenix, Inc, Amplimmune, Chugai

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. Biogen

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NIH RO1 NS071463, Co-investigator 2012-14

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. Unviersity of Texas Southwestern

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. Guthy Jackson Foundation, Accelerated Cure Project

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. Diogenix, Inc., Amplimmune

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Anu Jacob:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. Honoraria for speaking on NMO from Biogen Idec and chugai pharmaceuticals

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. Honoraria for speaking on NMO from Biogen Idec and Chugai pharma

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. Biogen grant

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NHS -NMO service NIHR - Strive clinical trial 2014 , United Kingdom

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Sven Jarius:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Marco Lana-Peixoto:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. (1) Advisory board of Gilenya (Novartis) in Brazil

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. Funding for travel from Novartis to attend ECTRIMS 2012 in Lyon, France Funding for travel from Novartis to attend ECTRIMS 2013 in Copenhagen, Denmark Funding for travel from Genzyme to attend ACTRIMS/ECTRIMS 2014 in Boston, USA

                Editorial Boards:

                1. (1)Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria - Member of the Advisory Editorial Board

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Michael Levy:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Asterias, GlaxoSmithKline

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. Viropharma, Acorda, ApoPharma and Sanofi

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Jack H. Simon:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. 1. Biogen-Idec

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Editorial Board - Multiple Sclerosis Journal

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. Imaging Acute Neurologic Disease: A symptom Based Approach. M. Filippi and Jack H Simon. Cambridge University Press. 2014.

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. 1. Biogen-Idec (Commercial) 2. Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (non-profit)

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Silvia Tenembaum:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Served on the pediatric scientific advisory boards for: (1)Biogen IDEC (2010-2012), without compensation. (2)Genzyme (2010-2011). (3)Teva (2009-2012).

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. Speaker?s fees from: (1)Bayer Schering Pharma: symposium at LACTRIMS (August 2010). (2)Merck Serono: Serono Symposia (Jun 2005; May 2008;May 2009; Sep 2012). (3)Teva: Symposium (May 2010). (4)Biogen IDEC:IX LatinAmerican Stand Alone Biogen Idec. (May 2011).

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Anthony L. Traboulsee:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. Roche Clinical Trial Steering Committee

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. 1. Teva innovation 2. EMD Serono 3. Sanofi Genzyme

                Editorial Boards:

                1. NONE

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. 1. Chugai Pharmaceuticals 2. MedImmune 3. Novartis 4. Roche 5. Sanofi Genzyme 6. EMD Serono 7. Teva innovation

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. Sanofi Genzyme

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. 1. Sanofi Genzyme 2. Roche

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. 1. Canadian Institute for Health Research, Principal Investigator 2012-ongoing

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Patrick Waters:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

                1. Speaker honoraria from Biogen Idec Japan and Euroimmun AG.

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Frontiers in molecular innate immunity, Review editor

                Patents:

                1. Assays for the detection of antibodies to lgi1, Caspr2, Tag-1 and GABAAR.

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. Patents for CASPR2, LGI1, TAG-1 and GABAAR.

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Kay E. Wellik:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. NONE

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. Assistant editor of The Journal of Hospital Librarianship from 2010-2014.

                Patents:

                1. NONE

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. NONE

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other Activities:

                1. NONE

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Brian G. Weinshenker:
                Comment :

                Scientific Advisory Boards:

                1. (1) Novartis data safety monitoring board member (2) Biogen Idec data safety monitoring board member (3) Mitsubishi Pharmaceuticals data safety monitoring board member

                Gifts:

                1. NONE

                Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

                1. NONE

                Editorial Boards:

                1. 1. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, editorial board member, 2006-present; no compensation 2. Turkish Journal of Neurology, editorial board member, 2005-present; no compensation 3. Neurology, editorial board member, 2014-present; no compensation

                Patents:

                1. 1) NMO-IgG for diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica; application 20050112116; patent issued and technology licensed to R.S.R. Ltd. and Oxford University

                Publishing Royalties:

                1. NONE

                Employment, Commercial Entity:

                1. NONE

                Consultancies:

                1. (1) GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals (2) Chugai Pharmaceuticals (3) Chord Pharmaceuticals (4) Elan Pharmaceuticals (5) Ono Pharmaceuticals (6) Chord Pharmaceuticals

                Speakers' Bureaus:

                1. NONE

                Other activities:

                1. (1)Medimmune Pharmaceuticals, Adjudication Committee Member

                Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Commercial Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Government Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Academic Entities:

                1. NONE

                Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

                1. Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation, sponsor of research in NMO, 10/2008-09/2011

                Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

                1. NONE

                License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NONE

                Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

                1. NMO-IgG for diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica; patent issued and technology licensed to R.S.R. Ltd. and to Oxford University

                Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

                1. NONE

                Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

                1. NONE

                Legal Proceedings:

                1. NONE

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neurology
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Neurology
                Journal ID (hwp): neurology
                Journal ID (publisher-id): neur
                Journal ID (pmc): neurology
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NEUROLOGY
                Title: Neurology
                Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (Hagerstown, MD )
                ISSN (Print): 0028-3878
                ISSN (Electronic): 1526-632X
                Publication date (Print): 14 July 2015
                Publication date PMC-release: 14 July 2015
                Volume: 85
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 177-189
                Affiliations
                From the Departments of Neurology (D.M.W.) and Library Services (K.E.W.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (B.B.), PA; the Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (J.L.B.), University of Colorado Denver, Aurora; the Service de Neurologie (P.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fort de France, Fort-de-France, Martinique; Department of Neurology (W.C.), Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia; the Department of Neurology (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; the Department of Neurology (J.d.S.), Strasbourg University, France; the Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics (K.F.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; the Departments of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics (B.G.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; The Walton Centre NHS Trust (A.J.), Liverpool, UK; the Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology (S.J.), University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; the Center for Multiple Sclerosis Investigation (M.L.-P.), Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; the Department of Neurology (M.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Portland VA Medical Center and Oregon Health and Sciences University (J.H.S.), Portland; the Department of Neurology (S.T.), National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina; the Department of Medicine (A.L.T.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.W.), University of Oxford, UK; and the Department of Neurology (B.G.W.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
                Author notes
                Correspondence to Dr. Wingerchuk: wingerchuk.dean@ 123456mayo.edu or Dr. Weinshenker: weinb@ 123456mayo.edu

                Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article. The Article Processing Charge was paid by the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.

                Article
                Publisher ID: NEUROLOGY2014621771
                DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001729
                PMC ID: 4515040
                PubMed ID: 26092914
                SO-VID: 8c03c88a-57e7-4208-8d58-7cbf19f6042a
                Copyright © © 2015 American Academy of Neurology
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.

                History
                Date received : 30 September 2014
                Date accepted : 28 January 2015
                Categories
                Subject: 40
                Subject: 41
                Subject: 42
                Subject: 43
                Subject: 45
                Subject: Views & Reviews
                Custom metadata
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