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      Post-trauma and postoperative painful neuropathy Translated title: Neuropatia dolorosa pós-traumática e pós-operatória

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Peripheral nerve injuries caused by accidental trauma, surgeries or diseases, may evolve to persistent, severe and refractory neuropathic pain, being a major economic and social problem because it often affects most productive population group causing sometimes devastating incapacities. In this brief review, aspects of the prevalence of neuropathic pain by trauma injury of peripheral nerves and its treatment will be evaluated. CONTENTS: After evaluating neuropathic pain pathophysiology after peripheral nerve injury, the incidence of peripheral nerve trauma injury and of postoperative chronic pain, of predictive factors and of postoperative neuropathic pain prevention, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of post-trauma and postoperative painful neuropathy are appreciated. CONCLUSION: Literature has few studies evaluating neuropathic pain after trauma or surgical peripheral nerve injury and the expression "neuropathic pain" is not normally used to refer to pain after trauma nerve injury, which makes difficult to estimate the prevalence and incidence of post-trauma and postoperative painful neuropathy, although there is consensus that it is a severe worldwide problem, being considered a chronic disease with difficult and still inadequate treatment.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As lesões de nervos periféricos causadas por traumas acidentais, cirurgias ou doenças, podem evoluir para dor neuropática persistente, grave, refratária ao tratamento, constituindo um importante problema econômico e social, pois frequentemente atinge a faixa etária mais produtiva da população, causando incapacidades muitas vezes devastadoras. Nesta breve revisão, serão analisados aspectos da prevalência da dor neuropática por lesão traumática de nervos periféricos e seu tratamento. CONTEÚDO: Após analisar a fisiopatologia da dor neuropática após lesão de nervo periférico, da incidência da lesão traumática de nervos periféricos e da dor crônica pós-operatória, dos fatores preditivos e da prevenção da dor neuropática pós-operatória, é feita uma apreciação do tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico da neuropatia dolorosa pós-traumática e pós-operatória. CONCLUSÃO: A literatura apresenta poucos artigos que avaliaram a dor neuropática em pacientes após a lesão do nervo periférico traumático ou cirúrgica, e o termo dor neuropática não é normalmente usado para se referir a dor após uma lesão traumática do nervo, o que dificulta estimar a incidência e a prevalência da neuropatia dolorosa pós-traumática e pós-operatória, embora haja consenso que é um grave problema mundial, sendo considerada uma doença crônica cujo tratamento é difícil e ainda inadequado.

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          Chronic pain after surgery.

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            The neuropathic component in persistent postsurgical pain: a systematic literature review.

            Persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) is a frequent and often disabling complication of many surgical procedures. Nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain (NeuP) has repeatedly been proposed as a major cause of PPSP. However, there is a lack of uniformity in NeuP assessment across studies, and the prevalence of NeuP may differ after various surgeries. We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, CENTRAL, and Embase databases and assessed 281 studies that investigated PPSP after 11 types of surgery. The prevalence of PPSP in each surgical group was examined. The prevalence of NeuP was determined by applying the recently published NeuP probability grading system. The prevalence of probable or definite NeuP was high in patients with persistent pain after thoracic and breast surgeries-66% and 68%, respectively. In patients with PPSP after groin hernia repair, the prevalence of NeuP was 31%, and after total hip or knee arthroplasty it was 6%. The results suggest that the prevalence of NeuP among PPSP cases differs in various types of surgery, probably depending on the likelihood of surgical iatrogenic nerve injury. Because of large methodological variability across studies, a more uniform approach is desirable in future studies for evaluating persistent postsurgical NeuP. Copyright © 2012 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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              Pulsed radiofrequency for chronic pain

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rdor
                Revista Dor
                Rev. dor
                Sociedade Brasileira para o Estudo da Dor
                2317-6393
                2016
                : 17
                : suppl 1
                : 59-62
                Affiliations
                [1 ] AMB Brasil
                [2 ] Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Brazil
                [3 ] Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Brazil
                Article
                S1806-00132016000500059
                10.5935/1806-0013.20160050
                8eac0891-0ccc-49c3-80c8-330525ba9e31

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-0013&lng=en
                Categories
                CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
                CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
                NEUROSCIENCES

                Emergency medicine & Trauma,Neurology,Neurosciences
                Peripheral nerves injury,Chronic pain,Dor crônica,Dor neuropática,Dor pós-operatória,Traumatismos dos nervos periféricos,Neuropathic pain,Postoperative pain

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