The role of induced virulence factors produced by Pasteurella haemolytica in the pathogenesis of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis: Review and hypotheses
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Abstract
In the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis, there is an abrupt commensal to pathogen
shift from a predominance of P. haemolytica serotype 2 (ST2) to serotype 1 (ST1) in
the bovine upper respiratory tract (URT) microfloral population. This occurs following
periods of stress associated with development of this disease. Data are reviewed from
recent publications supporting the contention that surface-expressed ST1-specific
factor(s) could be critical in mediating URT adhesion and colonization. Such factors
may promote an increase in the number of ST1 organisms deposited through infective
droplets into the lungs, beyond that efficiently cleared by normal lung defences.
The seeding of these organisms into the lungs may provide numerous foci of infection
that eventually progress into characteristic pneumonic lesions seen in the disease.