Main activities of the constitutional court of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the legal protection of the constitution  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Principales actividades del tribunal constitucional de la República de Azerbaiyán sobre la protección jurídica de la constitución </span>

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Constitutions are legal documents that establish the fundamental principles and laws of a country or state. Its study and protection is of great importance since, in general, state constitutions provide the legal framework in which the state functions, protect the rights of citizens, define the separation of powers, establish different procedures for decision-making. and on many occasions, they are also a guide for the creation of laws. Considering this, the aim of this paper is to analyze the main activities carried out by the Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan for the legal protection of the national constitution. It was determined that in modern times the main directions of activity of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Azerbaijan are oriented to the legal protection of the Constitution include different functions such as resolving conflicts and disputes between participants of social relations on the basis of the constitution, other legislative acts, and in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. In the same way, it verifies compliance with the laws and other acts regarding actions (inaction) of various state bodies as well as officials with the principles and norms of the constitution, reveals existing gaps between the current normative legal acts, making proposals to eliminate them, ensures the balanced operation of the various powers of the State, as well as protects and restores the violated rights and freedoms of citizens and other subjects of public relations. Therefore, this institution unquestionably plays a fundamental role in the preservation of the democratic principles under which the country functions.

Translated abstract

RESUMEN Las constituciones son documentos legales que establecen los principios y leyes fundamentales de un país o estado. Su estudio y protección es de gran importancia dado que de manera general las constituciones de los estados proporcionan el marco legal en el que funciona el estado, protegen los derechos de los ciudadanos, define la separación de poderes, establecen diferentes procedimientos para la toma de decisiones y en muchas ocasiones además son una guía para la creación de leyes. Considerando esto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las principales actividades realizadas por el Tribunal Constitucional de Azerbaiyán para la protección jurídica de la constitución nacional. Se determinó que en los tiempos modernos las direcciones principales de la actividad del Tribunal Constitucional de la República de Azerbaiyán están orientadas a la protección legal de la Constitución incluyen diferentes funciones como resolver los conflictos y disputas entre los participantes de las relaciones sociales con base en la constitución, otros actos legislativos, y en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. De igual manera verifica el cumplimiento de las leyes y otros actos respecto a acciones (inacción) de varios órganos estatales así como funcionarios con los principios y normas de la constitución, revela lagunas existentes entre los actos jurídicos normativos vigentes realizando propuestas para eliminarlos, asegura el funcionamiento equilibrado de los diversos poderes del Estado, así como protege y restaura los derechos y libertades violados de los ciudadanos y otros sujetos de relaciones públicas. Por lo anterior, indiscutiblemente esta institución juega un papel fundamental en la preservación de los principios democráticos bajo los que funciona el país.

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Constituent Power and the Law

Joel Colón-Ríos (2020)

This book examines the place of the concept of constituent power in constitutional history, focusing on the legal and institutional implications that theorists, politicians, and judges have derived from it. It shows that constituent power, even though having historically been associated with extra-legality and violations of the constitutional order, has played important functions in the making of determinations of legal validity. Constitutional courts have employed it to justify their jurisdiction to invalidate constitutional amendments that alter the fundamental structure of the constitution and thus amount to a constitution-making exercise. Some governments have recurred to it to defend the legality of the transformation of the constitutional order through procedures not contemplated in the constitution’s amendment rule but considered participatory enough to be seen as equivalent to ‘the people in action’, and these attempts have sometimes been sanctioned by courts. Commentators and citizens have relied on the theory of constituent power to defend the idea that electors have the right to instruct representatives, and that the creation of new constitutions must take place through extra-legislative entities, such as primary assemblies open to all citizens. Several Latin American constitutions explicitly incorporate the theory of constituent power and allow citizens, acting through popular initiative, to trigger constitution-making episodes that may result in the replacement of the entire constitutional order. Building on these findings, the book ultimately develops a distinction between sovereignty and constituent power and argues that even a constitution-making body can be made legally subject to the conditions arising from a constituent referendum.