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      Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Self-Acceptance, and Positive Coping Styles Among Chinese Psychiatric Nurses in Shandong

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          Abstract

          Background

          Nurses are facing increasing pressure due to the progressing of society, broadening of nursing service connotation, and increasing of the masses’ demand for medical treatment. Psychiatric nurses face suicides, violence, and lost along with other accidents involving patients with mental disorders under higher psychological pressure. A coping style, which is affected by individual emotions and cognition, is an essential psychological resource that allows individuals to regulate stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between self-acceptance and the positive coping style of psychiatric nurses, and investigate the mediating role of emotional intelligence.

          Methods

          A total of 813 psychiatric nurses from six natural regions in Shandong Province were investigated using the Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and self-compiled general information questionnaire.

          Results

          The total EIS score of psychiatric nurses was 3.848 ± 0.459. The highest score was for others’ emotional management (4.071 ± 0.548) and the lowest was for emotion perception (3.684 ± 0.483). EIS and positive coping style were statistically significant based on age, work experience, professional title, education level, and gender ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Self-acceptance was statistically significant only for professional titles ( F = 3.258, p = 0.021). Self-acceptance and emotional intelligence were positively correlated with positive coping style ( r = 0.361, p < 0.01; r = 0.492, p < 0.01, respectively). The factors were also positively correlated with each other ( r = 0.316, p < 0.01). Self-emotion management, others’ emotional management, emotion perception, self-acceptance, and education level jointly predicted positive coping styles ( R 2  = 0.305, F = 60.476, p = 0.000). Emotional intelligence partially mediated the relationship between self-acceptance and positive coping styles, with a mediating effect of 16.3%.

          Conclusion

          Emotional intelligence and self-acceptance can promote positive coping styles and improve psychiatric nurses’ mental health.

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          Most cited references76

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          Emotional Intelligence

          Peter Salovey, John Mayer (2016)
          Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211
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            Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence

            Nicola Schutte, John M. Malouff, Lena Hall … (1998)
            Article 0 comments Cited 272 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Dynamics of a stressful encounter: Cognitive appraisal, coping, and encounter outcomes.

              Susan Folkman, et al (1986)
              Despite the importance that is attributed to coping as a factor in psychological and somatic health outcomes, little is known about actual coping processes, the variables that influence them, and their relation to the outcomes of the stressful encounters people experience in their day-to-day lives. This study uses an intraindividual analysis of the interrelations among primary appraisal (what was at stake in the encounter), secondary appraisal (coping options), eight forms of problem- and emotion-focused coping, and encounter outcomes in a sample of community-residing adults. Coping was strongly related to cognitive appraisal; the forms of coping that were used varied depending on what was at stake and the options for coping. Coping was also differentially related to satisfactory and unsatisfactory encounter outcomes. The findings clarify the functional relations among appraisal and coping variables and the outcomes of stressful encounters.
              Article 0 comments Cited 71 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychol.
                Title: Frontiers in Psychology
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-1078
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 March 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 837917
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Nursing, Shandong Mental Health Center , Jinan, China
                [2] 2Department of Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital , Jinan, China
                [3] 3School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan, China
                [4] 4School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University , Weifang, China
                [5] 5Department of Psychology, Shandong Mental Health Center , Jinan, China
                [6] 6Shandong Mental Health Center , Jinan, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Eleni Petkari, Universidad Internacional De La Rioja, Spain

                Reviewed by: Stephen Asatsa, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Kenya; Lianlong Yu, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China

                *Correspondence: Bin Wang, yixiao-9@ 123456163.com

                This article was submitted to Organizational Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837917
                PMC ID: 8971775
                PubMed ID: 35369270
                SO-VID: 90f34eab-5902-4782-9e4a-ada44d50265e
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Lu, Wang, Zhang, Wang, Sun and Zou.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 17 December 2021
                Date accepted : 24 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 6, Equations: 0, References: 76, Pages: 13, Words: 9730
                Funding
                Funded by: Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology
                Award ID: 2018ws296
                Categories
                Subject: Psychology
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: emotional intelligence,self-acceptance,positive coping styles,psychiatric nurses,china
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: emotional intelligence, self-acceptance, positive coping styles, psychiatric nurses, china

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