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      Mycoflora and aflatoxin/fumonisin production by fungal isolates from freshly harvested corn hybrids Translated title: Microbiota fúngica e produção de aflatoxinas e fumonisinas por cepas de fungos isoladas de híbridos de grãos de milho recém-colhidos

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          Abstract

          The mycoflora of 3 hybrids of freshly harvested corn grains collected from three regions of the state of São Paulo, Brazil (Assis, Capão Bonito and Ribeirão Preto) was investigated. A total of 66 samples were analyzed focusing on the influence of abiotic factors (moisture content, water activity, temperature and rainfall) on both the prevalence of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliforme, and the ability of these genera isolates to produce aflatoxins and fumonisins, respectively. In the three surveyed regions, the fungal population comprised mainly Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. and 2 others filamentous fungal genera, which were isolated from corn kernels showing water activity of 0.30 to 0.99 and moisture content of 5.0% to 20.2%. Among the genera Fusarium and Aspergillus, the most frequent species were F. moniliforme and A. flavus, respectively. Concerning the toxigenic potential of F. moniliforme, all isolated strains (40) produced fumonisins at 20 mug/g to 2168 mug/g (FB1) and/or 10 mug/g to 380 mug/g (FB2). From the 10 A. flavus isolates, 6 strains (60.0%) produced aflatoxins at 615 mug/kg to 30.750 mug/kg (AFB1) and/or 11 mug/kg to 22 mug/kg (AFB2).

          Translated abstract

          A microbiota fúngica de 66 amostras de três híbridos de grãos de milho recém-colhido, provenientes de 3 regiões do Estado de São Paulo - Brasil (Assis, Capão Bonito e Ribeirão Preto), foram analisadas perante a influência dos fatores abióticos (teor de umidade, atividade de água, precipitação pluvial e temperatura média) na frequência de isolamento de fungos, bem como a potencialidade toxigênica das cepas de Aspergillus flavus e Fusarium moniliforme quanto à produção de aflatoxinas e fumonisinas, respectivamente. As análises microbiológicas demonstraram predominância de Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp. e Aspergillus spp. e outros dois gêneros de fungos filamentosos, isolados de grãos com atividade de água entre 0,30 e 0,99 e teor de umidade entre 5,0% e 20,2%. Entre Fusarium spp, F.moniliforme foi a mais frequentemente isolada, enquanto que, em relação ao gênero Aspergillus, predominou A. flavus nas três regiões. Todas as cepas de Fusarium moniliforme isoladas (40), produziram fumonisinas, que variaram de 20 mg/g a 2168 mg/g (FB1) e 10 mg/g a 380 mg/g (FB2). Referente a 10 cepas de Aspergillus flavus isoladas, 6 cepas (60,0%) produziram aflatoxinas, que variaram de 615 mg/kg a 30.750 mg/kg (AFB1) e 11 mg/kg a 22 mg/kg (AFB2).

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          Most cited references29

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          Significance of Mycotoxins to Food Safety and Human Health

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            Aspergilus flavus and aflatoxin in Iowa corn before harvest.

            Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin were detected in ears of Iowa corn on plants before harvest in 1975. Presence of the fungus was associated with kernel injury caused by the second generation European corn borer. Amounts of aflatoxin B1 in corn from a limited number of selected ears ranged from 1 part per billion to 1560 parts per billion with a mean of 430 parts per billion.
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              Applied regression analysis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bjm
                Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
                Braz. J. Microbiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia (São Paulo )
                1678-4405
                October 2000
                : 31
                : 4
                : 321-326
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Instituto Biológico de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Instituto Agronômico de Campinas Brasil
                [4 ] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                Article
                S1517-83822000000400016
                10.1590/S1517-83822000000400016
                90f3e8ed-0f66-4723-96a9-3402a1616e3d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1517-8382&lng=en
                Categories
                MICROBIOLOGY

                Microbiology & Virology
                aflatoxins,Aspergillus flavus,fumonisins,Fusarium moniliforme,corn,Aflatoxinas,fumonisinas,milho

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