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      Can a social media intervention improve online communication about suicide? A feasibility study examining the acceptability and potential impact of the #chatsafe campaign

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          Abstract

          There is a need for effective and youth-friendly approaches to suicide prevention, and social media presents a unique opportunity to reach young people. Although there is some evidence to support the delivery of population-wide suicide prevention campaigns, little is known about their capacity to change behaviour, particularly among young people and in the context of social media. Even less is known about the safety and feasibility of using social media for the purpose of suicide prevention. Based on the #chatsafe guidelines, this study examines the acceptability, safety and feasibility of a co-designed social media campaign. It also examines its impact on young people’s willingness to intervene against suicide and their perceived self-efficacy, confidence and safety when communicating on social media platforms about suicide. A sample of 189 young people aged 16–25 years completed three questionnaires across a 20-week period (4 weeks pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and at 4-week follow up). The intervention took the form of a 12-week social media campaign delivered to participants via direct message. Participants reported finding the intervention acceptable and they also reported improvements in their willingness to intervene against suicide, and their perceived self-efficacy, confidence and safety when communicating on social media about suicide. Findings from this study present a promising picture for the acceptability and potential impact of a universal suicide prevention campaign delivered through social media, and suggest that it can be safe to utilize social media for the purpose of suicide prevention.

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          Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide

          Without a complete published description of interventions, clinicians and patients cannot reliably implement interventions that are shown to be useful, and other researchers cannot replicate or build on research findings. The quality of description of interventions in publications, however, is remarkably poor. To improve the completeness of reporting, and ultimately the replicability, of interventions, an international group of experts and stakeholders developed the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. The process involved a literature review for relevant checklists and research, a Delphi survey of an international panel of experts to guide item selection, and a face to face panel meeting. The resultant 12 item TIDieR checklist (brief name, why, what (materials), what (procedure), who provided, how, where, when and how much, tailoring, modifications, how well (planned), how well (actual)) is an extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement (item 5) and the SPIRIT 2013 statement (item 11). While the emphasis of the checklist is on trials, the guidance is intended to apply across all evaluative study designs. This paper presents the TIDieR checklist and guide, with an explanation and elaboration for each item, and examples of good reporting. The TIDieR checklist and guide should improve the reporting of interventions and make it easier for authors to structure accounts of their interventions, reviewers and editors to assess the descriptions, and readers to use the information.
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            Facebook Use Predicts Declines in Subjective Well-Being in Young Adults

            Over 500 million people interact daily with Facebook. Yet, whether Facebook use influences subjective well-being over time is unknown. We addressed this issue using experience-sampling, the most reliable method for measuring in-vivo behavior and psychological experience. We text-messaged people five times per day for two-weeks to examine how Facebook use influences the two components of subjective well-being: how people feel moment-to-moment and how satisfied they are with their lives. Our results indicate that Facebook use predicts negative shifts on both of these variables over time. The more people used Facebook at one time point, the worse they felt the next time we text-messaged them; the more they used Facebook over two-weeks, the more their life satisfaction levels declined over time. Interacting with other people “directly” did not predict these negative outcomes. They were also not moderated by the size of people's Facebook networks, their perceived supportiveness, motivation for using Facebook, gender, loneliness, self-esteem, or depression. On the surface, Facebook provides an invaluable resource for fulfilling the basic human need for social connection. Rather than enhancing well-being, however, these findings suggest that Facebook may undermine it.
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              An introduction to power and sample size estimation.

              The importance of power and sample size estimation for study design and analysis.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Formal analysisRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                15 June 2021
                2021
                : 16
                : 6
                : e0253278
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
                [2 ] Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
                [3 ] Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
                [4 ] Centre for Mental Health, The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
                Universidad Publica de Navarra, SPAIN
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6736-6977
                Article
                PONE-D-20-36528
                10.1371/journal.pone.0253278
                8205132
                34129610
                91e4022b-f671-4b45-887a-edd53ad7af8e
                © 2021 La Sala et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 19 November 2020
                : 1 June 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 7, Pages: 22
                Funding
                Funded by: National Health and Medical Research Council Career Development Fellowship
                Award ID: ID1142348
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003921, Department of Health, Australian Government;
                Funded by: Career Development Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
                Award ID: APP1158881
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: The University of Melbourne
                Award Recipient :
                The #chatsafe project was funded by the Australian Government, under the Department of Health’s National Suicide Prevention Leadership and Support Program. The study also received funding from the Future Generations Global and the William Buckland Foundation. JR is funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council Career Development Fellowship (ID1142348). SR was supported by a Career Development Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (APP1158881), and the Dame Kate Campbell Fellowship from the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences at The University of Melbourne. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Social Sciences
                Sociology
                Communications
                Social Communication
                Social Media
                Computer and Information Sciences
                Network Analysis
                Social Networks
                Social Media
                Social Sciences
                Sociology
                Social Networks
                Social Media
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Suicide
                Computer and Information Sciences
                Computer Networks
                Internet
                Social Sciences
                Sociology
                Communications
                Social Communication
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Epidemiology
                Medical Risk Factors
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Design
                Survey Research
                Questionnaires
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Age Groups
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Design
                Survey Research
                Surveys
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the manuscript and S1, S2 Tables and S1, S2 Data.

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