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      História e panorama atual das terapias cognitivas no Brasil Translated title: History and current panorama of cognitive therapies in Brazil

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          Abstract

          O artigo faz uma breve revisão da história das terapias cognitivas e do seu desenvolvimento no Brasil, além de avaliar as suas diferentes tendências teóricas e práticas entre 228 psicólogos e 20 psiquiatras brasileiros, que escolheram, dentre três modelos teóricos de intervenção apresentados em um questionário (A - de reestruturação cognitiva; B - cognitivo-comportamentais e C - construtivistas), aquele que mais norteava a sua prática clínica. Outros dados solicitados no questionário incluíram: tempo de experiência, tipo de treinamento, abordagem de treinamento inicial, áreas de atuação, local de atuação e profissão. Os resultados indicam uma crescente expansão das terapias cognitivas no Brasil, especialmente nos últimos cinco anos, sendo o Rio de Janeiro o local de maior concentração de profissionais dessa abordagem. A grande maioria dos terapeutas adota a combinação dos modelos A e B em suas práticas clínicas. Quando apenas um modelo é utilizado, o modelo A é o mais popular dos três, seguido do B. A clínica-escola e os cursos de especialização ou de formação têm sido predominantes no treinamento dos participantes. O percentual de profissionais que atua em hospitais ainda é pequeno em relação aos que trabalham em clínicas ou consultórios. Uma replicação do estudo após 10 anos é sugerida.

          Translated abstract

          This article is a brief revision on the history of cognitive psychotherapies and their development in Brazil, as well as an evaluation of the different theoretical and practical tendencies of 228 psychologists and 20 psychiatrists from Brazil, who have chosen, among three theoretical intervention models presented in a questionnaire (A- cognitive restructuring; B-cognitive-behavior and C-constructivists) the one that most represented their clinical practices. Other data asked in the questionnaire were: experience time, type of training, approach on training initialization, areas of work, place of work and profession. The results show a crescent expansion of cognitive therapies in Brazil, especially in the last five years, being Rio de Janeiro the city with the higher concentration of professionals in this approach. The great majority of therapists adopt a combination of models A and B in their clinical practices. When only one model is used, model A is the most popular of all three, followed by model B. The school-clinic and the specialization or graduating courses have been predominant in the training of participants. The percentage of professionals working in hospitals is still quite low when compared to those working in clinics or private offices. A reapplication of studies is suggested after 10 years

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          The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: a review of meta-analyses.

          This review summarizes the current meta-analysis literature on treatment outcomes of CBT for a wide range of psychiatric disorders. A search of the literature resulted in a total of 16 methodologically rigorous meta-analyses. Our review focuses on effect sizes that contrast outcomes for CBT with outcomes for various control groups for each disorder, which provides an overview of the effectiveness of cognitive therapy as quantified by meta-analysis. Large effect sizes were found for CBT for unipolar depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and childhood depressive and anxiety disorders. Effect sizes for CBT of marital distress, anger, childhood somatic disorders, and chronic pain were in the moderate range. CBT was somewhat superior to antidepressants in the treatment of adult depression. CBT was equally effective as behavior therapy in the treatment of adult depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Large uncontrolled effect sizes were found for bulimia nervosa and schizophrenia. The 16 meta-analyses we reviewed support the efficacy of CBT for many disorders. While limitations of the meta-analytic approach need to be considered in interpreting the results of this review, our findings are consistent with other review methodologies that also provide support for the efficacy CBT.
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            Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder

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              Terapia Cognitiva: teoria e prática.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbtc
                Revista Brasileira de Terapias Cognitivas
                Rev. bras.ter. cogn.
                Federação Brasileira de Terapias Cognitivas (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1808-5687
                1982-3746
                December 2007
                : 3
                : 2
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Instituto de Psicologia
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Instituto de Psicologia
                Article
                S1808-56872007000200006 S1808-5687(07)00300200006
                974156cd-c194-4e21-906f-5c3a58530887

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 November 2007
                : 28 December 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 53, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

                Categories
                Artigos

                Terapias cognitivas,Training,History in Brazil,Cognitive therapies,Formação,História no Brasil

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