12
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Left ventricular longitudinal shortening: relation to stroke volume and ejection fraction in ageing, blood pressure, body size and gender in the HUNT3 study

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Aims of this cross-sectional study were to assess: the relative contribution of left ventricular (LV) systolic long-axis shortening (mean mitral annular plane systolic excursion, MAPSE) to stroke volume (SV), the mechanisms for preserved ejection fraction (EF) despite reduced MAPSE, the age dependency of myocardial volume and myocardial systolic compression.

          Methods

          Linear dimensions and longitudinal and cross-sectional M-modes were acquired in 1266 individuals without history of heart disease, diabetes or known hypertension from the third wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Measurements were entered into a half-ellipsoid LV model for volume calculations, and volumes were related to age, body size (body surface area, BSA), sex and blood pressure (BP).

          Results

          Mean BP and proportion with hypertensive values increased with increasing age. MAPSE contributed to 75% of SV, with no relation to age or BSA as both MAPSE and SV decreased with increasing age. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and SV increased with BSA and decreased with higher age; EF was not related to age or BSA. Myocardial volume increased with higher age and BSA, with an additional gender dependency. The association of age with myocardial volume was not significant when corrected for BP, while both systolic and diastolic BP were significant associated with myocardial volume. Myocardial compression was less than 3%.

          Conclusions

          MAPSE contributes approximately 75% and short axis shortening 25% to SV. Both decline with age, but their percentage contributions to SV are unchanged. EF is preserved by the simultaneous decrease in LVEDV and SV. Myocardial volume is positively associated with age, but this is only related to higher BP, which may have implications for BP treatment in ageing. The myocardium is near incompressible.

          Related collections

          Most cited references46

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Normal ranges of left ventricular strain: a meta-analysis.

          The definition of normal values of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain, and global radial strain is of critical importance to the clinical application of this modality. The investigators performed a meta-analysis of normal ranges and sought to identify factors that contribute to reported variations. MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library database were searched through August 2011 using the key terms "strain," "speckle tracking," "left ventricle," and "echocardiography" and related phrases. Studies were included if the articles reported left ventricular strain using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy normal subjects, either in the control group or as a primary objective of the study. Data were combined using a random-effects model, and effects of demographic, hemodynamic, and equipment variables were sought in a meta-regression. The search identified 2,597 subjects from 24 studies. Reported normal values of GLS varied from -15.9% to -22.1% (mean, -19.7%; 95% CI, -20.4% to -18.9%). Normal global circumferential strain varied from -20.9% to -27.8% (mean, -23.3%; 95% CI, -24.6% to -22.1%). Global radial strain ranged from 35.1% to 59.0% (mean, 47.3%; 95% CI, 43.6% to 51.0%). There was significant between-study heterogeneity and inconsistency. The source of variation was sought between studies using meta-regression. Blood pressure, but not age, gender, frame rate, or equipment, was associated with variation in normal GLS values. The narrowest confidence intervals from this meta-analysis were for GLS and global circumferential strain, but individual studies have shown a broad range of strain in apparently normal subjects. Variations between different normal ranges seem to be associated with differences in systolic blood pressure, emphasizing that this should be considered in the interpretation of strain. Copyright © 2013 American Society of Echocardiography. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Impaired systolic function by strain imaging in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

            This study sought to determine the frequency and magnitude of impaired systolic deformation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Although diastolic dysfunction is widely considered a key pathophysiologic mediator of HFpEF, the prevalence of concomitant systolic dysfunction has not been clearly defined. We assessed myocardial systolic and diastolic function in 219 HFpEF patients from a contemporary HFpEF clinical trial. Myocardial deformation was assessed using a vendor-independent 2-dimensional speckle-tracking software. The frequency and severity of impaired deformation was assessed in HFpEF, and compared to 50 normal controls free of cardiovascular disease and to 44 age- and sex-matched hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction (hypertensive heart disease) but no HF. Among HFpEF patients, clinical, echocardiographic, and biomarker correlates of left ventricular strain were determined. The HFpEF patients had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and evidence of diastolic dysfunction. Compared to both normal controls and hypertensive heart disease patients, the HFpEF patients demonstrated significantly lower longitudinal strain (LS) (-20.0 ± 2.1 and -17.07 ± 2.04 vs. -14.6 ± 3.3, respectively, p < 0.0001 for both) and circumferential strain (CS) (-27.1 ± 3.1 and -30.1 ± 3.5 vs. -22.9 ± 5.9, respectively; p < 0.0001 for both). In HFpEF, both LS and CS were related to LVEF (LS, R = -0.46; p < 0.0001; CS, R = -0.51; p < 0.0001) but not to standard echocardiographic measures of diastolic function (E' or E/E'). Lower LS was modestly associated with higher NT-proBNP, even after adjustment for 10 baseline covariates including LVEF, measures of diastolic function, and LV filling pressure (multivariable adjusted p = 0.001). Strain imaging detects impaired systolic function despite preserved global LVEF in HFpEF that may contribute to the pathophysiology of the HFpEF syndrome. (LCZ696 Compared to Valsartan in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Preserved Left-ventricular Ejection Fraction; NCT00887588). Copyright © 2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found
              Is Open Access

              Geometry as a Confounder When Assessing Ventricular Systolic Function: Comparison Between Ejection Fraction and Strain.

              Preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and reduced myocardial strain are reported in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and more.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Open Heart
                Open Heart
                openhrt
                openheart
                Open Heart
                BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                2053-3624
                2020
                25 September 2020
                : 7
                : 2
                : e001243
                Affiliations
                [1 ]departmentFaculty of Medicine, Dept of Circulation and Medical Imaging , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway
                [2 ]departmentCardiology , St. Olav University Hospital , Trondheim, Norway
                [3 ]departmentMI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging , NTNU , Trondheim, Norway
                [4 ]departmentCardiology , Levanger Hospital , Levanger, Norway
                [5 ]Asgardstrand General Practice , Horten, Norway
                [6 ]departmentDivision of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology , Morbid Obesity Centre, Vestfold Hospital Trust , Tonsberg, Norway
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] Professor Asbjørn Støylen; asbjorn.stoylen@ 123456ntnu.no
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2245-7066
                Article
                openhrt-2020-001243
                10.1136/openhrt-2020-001243
                7520903
                32978265
                9af1e91b-dc55-4aec-9bfd-274f447ac333
                © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

                History
                : 16 January 2020
                : 04 June 2020
                : 07 August 2020
                Categories
                Cardiac Risk Factors and Prevention
                1506
                Original research
                Custom metadata
                unlocked

                echocardiography,cardiac function,hypertension
                echocardiography, cardiac function, hypertension

                Comments

                Comment on this article