Clinical Feasibility of Monitoring Resting Heart Rate Using a Wearable Activity Tracker in Patients With Thyrotoxicosis: Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study

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Abstract

Background

Symptoms and signs of thyrotoxicosis are nonspecific and assessing its clinical status is difficult with conventional physical examinations and history taking. Increased heart rate (HR) is one of the easiest signs to quantify this, and current wearable devices can monitor HR.

Objective

We assessed the association between thyroid function and resting HR measured by a wearable activity tracker (WD-rHR) and evaluated the clinical feasibility of using this method in patients with thyrotoxicosis.

Methods

Thirty patients with thyrotoxicosis and 10 controls were included in the study. Participants were instructed to use the wearable activity tracker during the study period so that activity and HR data could be collected. The primary study outcomes were verification of changes in WD-rHR during thyrotoxicosis treatment and associations between WD-rHR and thyroid function. Linear and logistic model generalized estimating equation analyses were performed and the results were compared to conventionally obtained resting HR during clinic visits (on-site resting HR) and the Hyperthyroidism Symptom Scale.

Results

WD-rHR was higher in thyrotoxic patients than in the control groups and decreased in association with improvement of thyrotoxicosis. A one standard deviation–increase of WD-rHR of about 11 beats per minute (bpm) was associated with the increase of serum free T4 levels (beta=.492, 95% CI 0.367-0.616, P<.001) and thyrotoxicosis risk (odds ratio [OR] 3.840, 95% CI 2.113-6.978, P<.001). Although the Hyperthyroidism Symptom Scale showed similar results with WD-rHR, a 1 SD-increase of on-site rHR (about 16 beats per minute) showed a relatively lower beta and OR (beta=.396, 95% CI 0.204-0.588, P<.001; OR 2.114, 95% CI 1.365-3.273, P<.001) compared with WD-rHR.

Conclusions

Heart rate data measured by a wearable device showed reasonable predictability of thyroid function. This simple, easy-to-measure parameter is clinically feasible and has the potential to manage thyroid dysfunction.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03009357; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03009357 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/70h55Llyg)

Related collections

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jae Hoon Moon:

Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang Hospital82, Gumi-ro173 Beon-gilSungnam-si, 13620Republic Of Korea82 31 787 706882 31 787 4052jaemoon76@gmail.com

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6327-0575

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

Journal ID (publisher-id): JMU

Title: JMIR mHealth and uHealth

Publisher: JMIR Publications (Toronto, Canada )

ISSN (Electronic): 2291-5222

Publication date Collection: July 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 13 July 2018

Volume: 6

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: e159

Affiliations

[1] ¹ Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul Republic Of Korea

[2] ² Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Sungnam-si Republic Of Korea

[3] ³ Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic Of Korea

Author notes

Corresponding Author: Jae Hoon Moon jaemoon76@ 123456gmail.com

Author information

Jie-Eun Lee http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-5769

Dong Hwa Lee http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-3559

Tae Jung Oh http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-6123

Kyoung Min Kim http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6515-9544

Sung Hee Choi http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-8116

Soo Lim http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-1671

Young Joo Park http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-6364

Do Joon Park http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-3839

Hak Chul Jang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-6536

Jae Hoon Moon http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6327-0575

Article

Publisher ID: v6i7e159

DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.9884

PMC ID: 6064040

PubMed ID: 30006328

SO-VID: 9bd62e9a-87a9-4244-884b-c951f41d253c

Copyright © ©Jie-Eun Lee, Dong Hwa Lee, Tae Jung Oh, Kyoung Min Kim, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Young Joo Park, Do Joon Park, Hak Chul Jang, Jae Hoon Moon. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 13.07.2018.

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR mhealth and uhealth, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/.as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

History

Date received : 18 January 2018

Date revision requested : 8 February 2018

Date revision received : 30 April 2018

Date accepted : 18 June 2018

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