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Brain Cell Reservoirs of Latent Virus in Presymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals
October 2011
October 2011
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Abstract
We detected HIV-1 DNA in pure populations of perivascular macrophages, parenchymal
microglia, and astrocytes, isolated using laser microdissection from brain tissue
of five untreated individuals who died in the presymptomatic stage of infection from
non-HIV causes. HIV-1 DNA was detected in the three cell populations, most consistently
in perivascular macrophages, without evidence of productive infection. The percentage
of PCR reactions detecting HIV-1 DNA in perivascular macrophages correlated inversely
with peripheral blood CD4 counts. These findings demonstrate that brain cell reservoirs
of latent HIV-1 exist before pathological HIV encephalitis and suggest that perivascular
macrophage trafficking of latent virus into the brain increases with immunosuppression.
Copyright © 2011 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier
Inc. All rights reserved.