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      Presencia e influencia de sintomatología sugestiva de trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad en adultos con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria Translated title: Presence and influence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults with an eating disorder

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          Resumen

          Fundamento:

          La coexistencia de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) y del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es frecuente. El objetivo del estudio fue cuantificar la presencia de sintomatología TDAH en pacientes adultos con TCA y evaluar posibles correlaciones entre ambas sintomatologías.

          Material y métodos:

          Estudio transversal en pacientes con TCA. Se cumplimentaron los cuestionarios Eating Attitudes Test de 40 ítems (EAT-40), Eating Disorder Inventory 3ª edición (EDI-3) y la versión abreviada del Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1). Aquellos pacientes con ≥12 puntos en ASRS v1.1 completaron el cuestionario Attention Déficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale 4ª edición (ADHD-RS IV).

          Resultados:

          El 42,6% de los 108 pacientes incluidos puntuaron ≥12 en el ASRS v1.1. Estos sujetos puntuaron más en bulimia y en algunas escalas de desajuste psicológico del EDI-3, y aquellos con conductas de atracón y/o purga puntuaron más en Trastornos psicobiológicos del EAT-40 y en Insatisfacción corporal y Riesgo de TCA del EDI-3. No hubo diferencias en ADHD-RS IV según fueran cuadros restrictivos puros (n=13) o compulsivo-purgativos (n=33). La sintomatología TDAH correlacionó más con la clínica alimentaria y con el desajuste psicológico general en los casos compulsivo-purgativos.

          Conclusiones:

          En población clínica con TCA son frecuentes los síntomas sugestivos de TDAH, más en cuadros con clínica compulsivo-purgativa pero no necesariamente más intensos. La correlación entre TDAH y TCA es mayor en cuadros compulsivo-purgativos. Los síntomas de TDAH conllevan mayor desajuste psicológico y mayor gravedad a nivel alimentario en los cuadros con sintomatología compulsivo-purgativa.

          Abstract

          Background:

          The coexistence of eating disorders (ED) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common. The aim of the study was to quantify the presence of ADHD symptoms in adult patients with ED and evaluate any possible correlation between both symptomatologies.

          Methods:

          Cross-sectional study of patients with ED. The following questionnaires were completed: the Eating Attitudes Test - 40 items (EAT-40), the Eating Disorder Inventory 3rd edition (EDI-3) and the abbreviated version of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1). The patients who scored ≥12 points in ASRS v1.1 completed the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (4th edition, ADHD-RS IV).

          Results:

          42.6% of the 108 patients scored ≥12 in the ASRS v1.1. These subjects scored higher in bulimia and in some scales of psychological maladjustment of the EDI-3, and those with binging and/or purging behaviours scored higher in Psychobiological disorders of the EAT-40 and in Body dissatisfaction and Eating disorder risk composite scales of the EDI-3. There were no differences in ADHD-RS IV between pure restrictive syndromes (n=13) and those with binging and/or purging behaviours (n=33). We found that, in cases with binge/purge symptoms, ADHD symptoms correlated higher with ED symptoms and with general psychological maladjustment.

          Conclusion:

          ADHD symptoms are common in the clinical population with ED, and more in groups with binge/purge symptoms although they are not necessarily more intense. The correlation between ADHD symptoms and ED is higher in cases with binging and/or purging behaviours. ADHD symptoms involve more psychological maladjustment and more serious ED symptomatology in cases with binge/purge symptoms.

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          Most cited references37

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          The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.

          Little population-based data exist on the prevalence or correlates of eating disorders. Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders from the National Comorbidity Replication, a nationally representative face-to-face household survey (n = 9282), conducted in 2001-2003, were assessed using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Lifetime prevalence estimates of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are .9%, 1.5%, and 3.5% among women, and .3% .5%, and 2.0% among men. Survival analysis based on retrospective age-of-onset reports suggests that risk of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder increased with successive birth cohorts. All 3 disorders are significantly comorbid with many other DSM-IV disorders. Lifetime anorexia nervosa is significantly associated with low current weight (body-mass index or =40). Although most respondents with 12-month bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder report some role impairment (data unavailable for anorexia nervosa since no respondents met criteria for 12-month prevalence), only a minority of cases ever sought treatment. Eating disorders, although relatively uncommon, represent a public health concern because they are frequently associated with other psychopathology and role impairment, and are frequently under-treated.
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            Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD

            Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD.
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              The risk of eating disorders comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

              There has been interest in whether people with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are at higher risk of developing an Eating Disorder (ED). The aim of this study was estimate the size of this association with a meta-analysis of studies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                An Sist Sanit Navar
                An Sist Sanit Navar
                assn
                Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
                Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Salud
                1137-6627
                2340-3527
                27 April 2022
                Jan-Apr 2022
                : 45
                : 1
                : e0984
                Affiliations
                [1 ] original Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud. Red de Salud Mental de Gipuzkoa. Centro de Salud Mental de Donostia-Amara. San Sebastián. España. normalizedServicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea orgnameOsakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud orgdiv1Red de Salud Mental de Gipuzkoa orgdiv2Centro de Salud Mental de Donostia-Amara San Sebastián, Spain
                [2 ] original Clínica Universidad de Navarra. Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicología Médica. Pamplona. España. orgnameClínica Universidad de Navarra orgdiv1Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicología Médica Pamplona, Spain
                [3 ] original Osakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud. Hospital Universitario Donostia. Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica. San Sebastián. España. normalizedServicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea orgnameOsakidetza-Servicio Vasco de Salud orgdiv1Hospital Universitario Donostia orgdiv2Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica San Sebastián, Spain
                [4 ] original Centro de Salud Mental de Ansoain. Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea. Ansoain. Navarra. España. normalizedServicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea orgdiv1Centro de Salud Mental de Ansoain orgnameServicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea Ansoain, Navarra, Spain
                Author notes
                [Correspondencia ] Mikel Ruiz Feliu. CSM Donostia-Amara, C/ José Mª Salaberria, nº 9, 20010, Donostia/San Sebastián (Gipuzkoa). E-mail: miguelangel.ruizfeliU@ 123456osakidetza.eus

                Conflictos de interés: Los autores declaran no tener conflictos de intereses.

                Article
                10.23938/ASSN.0984
                10114044
                35037918
                a2369dfd-320e-4732-b33b-82339d24ca31

                Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons

                History
                : 07 April 2021
                : 29 September 2021
                : 14 October 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 3, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 0
                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad,trastornos de la conducta alimentaria,comorbilidad,adulto,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,eating disorders,comorbidity,adult

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