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      Pharmacokinetic interaction between udenafil and dapoxetine: a randomized, open-labeled crossover study in healthy male volunteers

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          Abstract

          Background

          “Udenafil” is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor indicated for erectile dysfunction. “Dapoxetine” is a serotonin transport inhibitor indicated for premature ejaculation. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the pharmacokinetic drug interaction between udenafil and dapoxetine in healthy male subjects.

          Methods

          An open-label, three-treatment, six-sequence, three-period crossover study was performed in healthy male subjects. In varying sequences, each subjects received single oral doses of udenafil 200 mg, dapoxetine 60 mg, and both treatments. The periods were separated by a washout period of 7 days. Serial blood samples were collected up to 48 hours after dosing. The plasma concentrations of udenafil and dapoxetine were determined using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by non-compartmental analysis. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study.

          Results

          Twenty-three healthy subjects completed the study. The geometric mean ratios of the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to last measurable time point and measured peak plasma concentration for udenafil were 0.923 (90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.863–0.987) and 0.864 (90% CI: 0.789–0.947), respectively. The geometric mean ratios of the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to last measurable time point and measured peak plasma concentration for dapoxetine were 1.125 (90% CI: 1.044–1.213) and 0.837 (90% CI: 0.758–0.925), respectively. There were no serious adverse events reported, and none of the subjects dropped out due to adverse events.

          Conclusion

          Udenafil was found to have no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions with dapoxetine. The concurrent administration of udenafil and dapoxetine was generally well tolerated.

          Most cited references18

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          Sexual problems among women and men aged 40-80 y: prevalence and correlates identified in the Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors.

          The Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors (GSSAB) is an international survey of various aspects of sex and relationships among adults aged 40-80 y. An analysis of GSSAB data was performed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of sexual problems in 13,882 women and 13,618 men from 29 countries. The overall response rate was modest; however, the estimates of prevalence of sexual problems are comparable with published values. Several factors consistently elevated the likelihood of sexual problems. Age was an important correlate of lubrication difficulties among women and of several sexual problems, including a lack of interest in sex, the inability to reach orgasm, and erectile difficulties among men. We conclude that sexual difficulties are relatively common among mature adults throughout the world. Sexual problems tend to be more associated with physical health and aging among men than women.
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            The Premature Ejaculation Prevalence and Attitudes (PEPA) survey: prevalence, comorbidities, and professional help-seeking.

            This study evaluated the associated comorbidities and patient satisfaction with treatment options for premature ejaculation (PE), a common sexual dysfunction. A comprehensive, Internet-based survey (the PE Prevalence and Attitudes [PEPA] survey) was conducted among men ages 18-70 in the United States, Germany, and Italy (n=12,133). Men were classified as having PE based on self-report of low or absent control over ejaculation, resulting in distress for them or their sexual partner or both. The prevalence of PE was 22.7% (24.0% in the United States, 20.3% in Germany, and 20.0% in Italy) and did not vary significantly with age among men over age 24 yr. Men with PE were more likely to self-report other sexual dysfunctions (e.g., anorgasmia, low libido, erectile dysfunction) and psychological disturbances (e.g., depression, anxiety, excessive stress) than men without PE (p 70%) and most likely to have used (>50%) special positions during sex, interrupted stimulation, masturbation, and having intercourse more often than usual to manage their PE. Only 9.0% of men with PE reported having consulted a physician for the condition; 81.9% had to initiate the conversation about PE and 91.5% reported little or no improvement as a result of seeking treatment. PE is a highly prevalent sexual problem, with significant sexual and psychological comorbidities. Most men with PE do not seek assistance from their physician, and most of those who do are not satisfied with the results.
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              Epidemiology of erectile dysfunction.

              This review of the current epidemiological literature on erectile dysfunction (ED) suggests that approximately 5-20% of men have moderate-to-severe ED. Different definitions of ED, age distributions and concomitant medical conditions, as well as methodological differences, may explain much of the variance in reported prevalence rates. Various chronic disorders are associated with elevated rates of ED including depression, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Such disorders are more common in the elderly, which may partially explain the elevated prevalence of ED in men over 60 y of age. Currently, up to 70% of men with ED are not treated. However, so many men experience considerable distress from their condition, that the increasing awareness of ED as well as the availability of noninvasive treatments may result in a greater proportion of patients seeking treatment, and eventually regaining satisfaction with their sex life.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Drug Des Devel Ther
                Drug Des Devel Ther
                Drug Design, Development and Therapy
                Drug Design, Development and Therapy
                Dove Medical Press
                1177-8881
                2015
                23 February 2015
                : 9
                : 1209-1216
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                [2 ]Clinical Development Department, Dong-A ST Co, Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Kyun-Seop Bae, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea, Tel +82 2 3010 4623, Fax +82 2 3010 4622, Email ksbae@ 123456amc.seoul.kr
                Article
                dddt-9-1209
                10.2147/DDDT.S78713
                4346016
                a641b313-8e8b-4656-b648-8f983b2dc54b
                © 2015 Kim et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

                The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

                History
                Categories
                Original Research

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                drug interaction,pharmacokinetics,erectile dysfunction,premature ejaculation

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