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      Natural History Museum Sound Archive I: Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae Leach, 1815, including 3D scans of burrow casts of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Gryllotalpa vineae Bennet-Clark, 1970

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      Author(s): ‡ , , ‡
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Biodiversity Data Journal
      Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
      Keywords: mole cricket, Gryllotalpa , bioacoustics, burrow, cast, 3D scanning

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          Abstract

          Abstract
          Background

          The Natural History Museum (NHM) sound archive contains recordings of Gryllotalpidae , and the NHM collection holds plaster casts of the burrows of two species. These recordings and burrows have until now not been made available through the NHM's collection database, making it hard for researchers to make use of these resources.

          New information

          Eighteen recordings of mole crickets (three identified species) held by the NHM have been made available under open licenses via BioAcoustica. 3D scans of the burrows of Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Gryllotalpa vineae Bennet-Clark, 1970 have been made available via the NHM Data Portal.

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          Most cited references8

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          The Mechanism and Efficiency of Sound Production in Mole Crickets

          H. Bennet-Clark (1970)
          1. Sound production in the mole crickets Gryllotalpa vineae and G. gryllotalpa is compared with that in Gryllus campestris. 2. In all species action of the plectrum of the left forewing on the file or pars stridens of the right wing causes the harp areas of both wings to vibrate in phase with each other. As the lateral and dorsal fields of the wing are coupled flexibly, the dorsal field resonates freely. 3. The available muscular power of G. vineae is about 3.5 mW., of G. gryllotalpa about 1 mW., and of Gryllus about 1.2 mW. The mesothoracic musculature of Gryllotalpa is fairly similar to that of Gryllus. 4. The calling song of G. vineae has a fundamental frequency of 3.5 kHz, a pulse length of 8 msec. and a pulse interval of 14 msec. at 16° C. The song is very pure with a second harmonic of -26 dB. Simulations of the song made with modulated oscillators are of similar purity; the song can be regarded as a modulated pure note. 5. The sound distribution has been measured, and from the area of an isobar plot and calculation of the mean power of each pulse, the total mean sound power output is 1.2 mW. and the peak power 3 mW. The efficiency of conversion of muscular to acoustic power is about 35%. 6. G. vineae builds a double-mouthed horn-shaped burrow for singing. This contains a bulb which probably tunes the horn to act as a resistive load to the vibrating wings. The double mouths act as a line source with directional properties which concentrate the sound in a disk above the length of the burrow. 7. The probable advantage of a directed sound output in attracting mates is considered; the disk-shaped pattern will be better than a hemispherical pattern of similar power. 8. G. gryllotalpa also builds a horn, but this is larger than that of G. vineae and the song frequency is far lower, at 1.6 kHz. Although the sound power is far lower, about 2.5x10-5W., the horn appears to act as a resistive load to the wings. 9. Gryllus produces only about 6x10-5W. at 30° C. This is attributed to the small size and hence low radiation resistance of the wings. 10. Estimates are made of inertial losses that occur in sound production and these are shown to account for a substantial part of the mechanical power in the systems of both G. vineae and Gryllus.
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            BioAcoustica: a free and open repository and analysis platform for bioacoustics

            Edward Baker, Ben W. Price, S. D. Rycroft … (2015)
            We describe an online open repository and analysis platform, BioAcoustica (http://bio.acousti.ca), for recordings of wildlife sounds. Recordings can be annotated using a crowdsourced approach, allowing voice introductions and sections with extraneous noise to be removed from analyses. This system is based on the Scratchpads virtual research environment, the BioVeL portal and the Taverna workflow management tool, which allows for analysis of recordings using a grid computing service. At present the analyses include spectrograms, oscillograms and dominant frequency analysis. Further analyses can be integrated to meet the needs of specific researchers or projects. Researchers can upload and annotate their recordings to supplement traditional publication. Database URL: http://bio.acousti.ca
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              Introduction and Spread of Pest Mole Crickets: Scapteriscus vicinus and S. acletus Reexamined1

              D. Nickle, T Walker (1981)
              Article 0 comments Cited 7 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Ed Baker
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biodivers Data J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biodivers Data J
                Journal ID (pmc): Biodiversity Data Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Biodiversity Data Journal
                Title: Biodiversity Data Journal
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1314-2836
                ISSN (Electronic): 1314-2828
                Publication date Collection: 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 December 2015
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: e7442
                Affiliations
                [‡ ]The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Ed Baker ( edwbaker@ 123456gmail.com ).

                Academic editor: Benjamin Price

                Article
                Publisher ID: Biodiversity Data Journal Other ID: 4936
                DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e7442
                PMC ID: 4700384
                SO-VID: a7f63f37-1fac-4d71-b27b-41671459e17f
                Copyright © Ed Baker, Yoke-Shum Broom
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 07 December 2015
                Date accepted : 18 December 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 0, References: 9
                Categories
                Subject: Data Paper (Biosciences)
                Subject: Gryllotalpidae
                Subject: Bioacoustics
                Subject: Southern and South-Eastern England incl. London
                Subject: France
                Subject: Portugal

                Keywords: mole cricket, gryllotalpa ,bioacoustics,burrow,cast,3d scanning
                Data availability:
                Keywords: mole cricket, gryllotalpa , bioacoustics, burrow, cast, 3d scanning

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