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      Bioética e Confidencialidade do Doador Cadáver em Transplantes Renais no Brasil Translated title: BIOETHICS AND CONFIDENTIALITY REGARDING CADAVER DONORS FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION IN BRAZIL Translated title: BIOÉTICA Y CONFIDENCIALIDAD DEL DONANTE CADÁVER EN TRASPLANTES RENALES EN BRASIL

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          Abstract

          Objetivo - Analisar a confidencialidade nos transplantes renais com doadores cadáveres. METODOLOGIA - Foram aplicados 60 questionários com participantes escolhidos aleatoriamente, divididos em três grupos: pacientes em lista de espera para transplantes, pacientes transplantados renais e familiares dos doadores. RESULTADOS - No grupo de pacientes em lista de espera, 85% manifestaram interesse em conhecer a identidade do doador; no grupo de pacientes transplantados, apenas 45% manifestaram interesse; no grupo de famílias doadoras, 55% manifestaram vontade de conhecer o receptor. A Central Nacional de Notificação, Captação e Distribuição de Órgãos (CNCDO) foi indicada por 61.7% dos participantes como responsável pela identificação do doador. CONCLUSÃO - O critério da decisão compartilhada sobre a identificação ou não do doador cadáver, com a intermediação do Estado por meio das CNCDO, é o mais condizente com a opinião dos sujeitos que responderam à amostra estudada.

          Translated abstract

          Objetivo - Analizar la confidencialidad en los trasplantes renales con donantes cadáveres. Metodología - Se aplicaron 60 cuestionarios con participantes escogidos aleatoriamente, divididos en tres grupos: pacientes en lista de espera para trasplantes; pacientes renales trasplantados; y familiares de los donantes. Resultados - En el grupo de pacientes en lista de espera, el 85% manifestó interés en conocer la identidad del donante; en el grupo de pacientes trasplantados, sólo el 45% manifestó interés; en el grupo de familias donantes, el 55% manifestó el deseo de conocer el receptor. La Central Nacional de Notificación, Captación y Distribución de Órganos (CNCDO) fue indicada por un 61,7% de los participantes como responsable por la identificación del donante. Conclusión - El criterio de decisión compartida sobre la identificación o no del donante cadáver, con la intermediación del Estado a través de las CNCDO, es lo que más se ajusta a la opinión de las personas que respondieron a la muestra estudiada.

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          Declaração universal sobre bioética e direitos humanos

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            Factors influencing families' consent for donation of solid organs for transplantation.

            Transplantation has become the therapy of choice for patients with organ failure. However, the low rate of consent by families of donor-eligible patients is a major limiting factor in the success of organ transplantation. To explore factors associated with the decision to donate among families of potential solid organ donors. Data collection via chart reviews, telephone interviews with health care practitioners (HCPs) or organ procurement organization (OPO) staff, and face-to-face interviews with family for all donor-eligible deaths at 9 trauma hospitals in southwestern Pennsylvania and northeastern Ohio from 1994 to 1999. Family members, HCPs, and OPO staff involved in the donation decision for 420 donor-eligible patients. Factors associated with family decision to donate or not donate organs for transplantation. A total of 238 of the 420 cases led to organ donation; 182 did not. Univariate analysis revealed numerous factors associated with the donation decision. Multivariable analysis of associated variables revealed that family and patient sociodemographics (ethnicity, patient's age and cause of death) and prior knowledge of the patients' wishes were significantly associated with willingness to donate (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 7.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.55-9.01). Families who discussed more topics and had more conversations about organ donation were more likely to donate (adjusted OR, 5.22; 95% CI, 4.32-6.30), as were families with more contact with OPO staff (adjusted OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.63-3.60) and those who experienced an optimal request pattern (adjusted OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 2.58-3.40). Socioemotional and communication variables acted as intervening variables. Public education is needed to modify attitudes about organ donation prior to a donation opportunity. Specific steps can be taken by HCPs and OPO staff to maximize the opportunity to persuade families to donate their relatives' organs.
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              Psychological aspects of organ donation: a critical review and synthesis of individual and next-of-kin donation decisions.

              This article presents a critical review of psychological perspectives on organ donation. The review considers individual decisions to donate organs posthumously and next-of-kin consent decisions. A theoretical analysis of intention to donate is presented for both types of donation decisions, and the literature is reviewed within the context of the proposed framework. Donation decisions are examined as a function of attitude toward donation and the religious, cultural, altruistic, normative, and knowledge-based beliefs that comprise the attitude. Consent decisions are primarily influenced by prior knowledge of the deceased individual's wishes. An alternative conceptual model is offered to explain the basis of consent decisions in the absence of this knowledge. Suggestions are offered to improve measurement strategy and to guide theoretically based organ donation research within selected disciplines of psychology.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rlb
                Revista Latinoamericana de Bioética
                rev.latinoam.bioet.
                Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                1657-4702
                2462-859X
                December 2011
                : 11
                : 2
                : 98-105
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde Brasil bioetica@ 123456unb.br
                [01] orgnameUniversidade de Brasília orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde Brasil
                Article
                S1657-47022011000200010 S1657-4702(11)01100210
                a835bb76-8ae4-4222-9a8f-2c7ee12a4641

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 October 2011
                : 20 September 2011
                : 01 December 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 11, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Artigos originais

                Bioética,Confidencialidad,Donante Cadáver,Trasplante Renal,Confidentiality,Cadaver donor,Kidney transplantation,Bioethics,Confidencialidade,Doador cadaver,Transplante renal

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