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      Transitioning to high efficiency air conditioning in Saudi Arabia: A benefit cost analysis for residential buildings

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          Abstract

          This paper assesses the benefits of transitioning to high efficiency air conditioning (AC) equipment for existing units specific to the residential building stock in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The analysis is based on a calibrated residential building stock model for Saudi Arabia supported by national statistics regarding the characteristics of AC systems. Various housing prototypes, vintages, and locations are included in the analysis. Specifically, the analysis considers the scaling up of the government's High Efficiency AC (HEAC) program which offers 900 Saudi Riyals (240 USD) per unit to consumers for up to 6 split system units with an energy efficiency rating (EER) of 13.0 or more per household. The main findings of the study suggest that upgrading the existing old stock of window units and split systems currently in place to the requirements of HEAC program would generate a reduction in electricity consumption of around 33 TWh/year and 24 million tons of CO 2. Due to the effect of the HEAC consumer subsidy, purchasing a high efficiency unit has a simple payback period for the consumer of 5 years which is faster than less efficient AC options. This would come at a cost to the government of approximately 6 Billion USD resulting in an annual income of 3.0 Billion USD from the sale of avoided fuel associated with the saved electricity consumption.

          Highlights

          • Improving energy efficiency of Saudi residential AC stock can save 33 TWh per year.

          • Phasing out window AC systems can result in electricity savings of 20 TWh per year.

          • Stringent MEPS for ACs can lower carbon emissions by 24.0 Million-Tons annually.

          • Saudi government can recover in 2 years the costs for phasing out inefficient ACs.

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          Is Open Access

          Evaluation of building energy efficiency investment options for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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            Optimal design of residential building envelope systems in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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              Improving thermal performance of building walls by optimizing insulation layer distribution and thickness for same thermal mass

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal of Building Engineering
                Published by Elsevier Ltd.
                2352-7102
                2352-7102
                27 April 2020
                27 April 2020
                : 101457
                Affiliations
                [a ]Building Systems Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
                [b ]KAPSARC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. krarti@ 123456colorado.edu
                Article
                S2352-7102(20)30007-3 101457
                10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101457
                7185004
                a84cc13a-4650-4b04-8e7a-d3f5653e6bf4
                © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                : 1 January 2020
                : 19 April 2020
                : 22 April 2020
                Categories
                Article

                air conditioning,building stock,carbon emissions,energy savings,life-cycle analysis,minimum energy performance standards

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