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      Efectividad de un protocolo para la atención del dolor en neonatos menores de 1 500 gramos Translated title: Effectiveness of a protocol for pain management in newborns with less than 1 500 grams

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La atención al dolor resulta prioritaria en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales. No se recogen antecedentes en Cuba de implementación de algún protocolo para el abordaje del dolor en neonatos, que no se limite solamente al tratamiento farmacológico durante la asistencia respiratoria o cirugía neonatal. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de un protocolo para la prevención y alivio del dolor en recién nacidos <1 500 gramos, basado principalmente en las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Neonatología. Métodos: Estudio basado en las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Neonatología, de tipo analítico prospectivo de ANTES y DESPUÉS en 55 neonatos <1500 gramos, nacidos en el Hospital Ginecoobstétrico Docente Provincial de Matanzas en el período marzo/2016 a marzo/2018, en el cual se comparó la intensidad del dolor según la escala COMFORTneo aplicada durante la realización de tres procederes: inserción del catéter venoso umbilical, inserción de catéter percutáneo y punción del talón, en dos grupos de pacientes: un grupo antes (n=29) y un grupo después de aplicar el protocolo de dolor (n=26). Para el análisis de variables se empleó el coeficiente de Spearman. Se consideró significativo todo valor p<0,05. Resultados: El peso promedio de los neonatos estudiados fue 1 180 gramos. Luego de la implementación del protocolo se observó una disminución significativa en la intensidad del dolor durante la realización de los procederes seleccionados. Las medidas no farmacológicas fueron las más empleadas. Conclusiones: El protocolo implementado es efectivo para lograr disminuir la intensidad del dolor en neonatos <1 500 gramos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Pain management is a priority in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. There are not antecedents in Cuba of any protocol carried out for management of neonatal pain, apart from the pharmacological treatment during neonatal respiratory assistance or surgery. Objective: To determine effectiveness of a protocol for prevention and pain relief in infants with less than 1500 grams, mainly based on recommendations of the Ibero-American Society of Neonatology. Methods: A prospective analytical study of before and after was made in 55 infants with less than 1500 grams, who were born in the Teaching Gynecological and Obstetric Provincial Hospital of Matanzas, Cuba, in the period from March,2016 to March, 2018. For the study, the intensity of pain was compared by means of the COMFORTneo scale, which was carried out during the performance of three procedures: umbilical vein catheterization, percutaneous venous catheterization and heel lance; in two patients groups: one before (n=29) and the other after the implementation of the pain protocol (n=26). Spearman coefficient was used for statistical analysis of ordinal qualitative variables. All p< 0.05 values were considered significant. Results: The average weight of the studied newborns was 1 180 grams. After implementing the protocol, a significant decrease in pain intensity was observed during the performance of the selected procedures. Non-pharmacological measures were the most used. Conclusion: The implemented protocol is effective for decrease pain intensity in newborns with less than 1 500 grams.

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          Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures.

          Administration of oral sucrose with and without non-nutritive sucking is the most frequently studied non-pharmacological intervention for procedural pain relief in neonates.
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            Skin-to-skin care for procedural pain in neonates.

            Skin-to-skin care (SSC), often referred to as 'kangaroo care' (KC) due to its similarity with marsupial behaviour of ventral maternal-infant contact, is one non-pharmacological intervention for pain control in infants.
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              Sedation and analgesia practices in neonatal intensive care units (EUROPAIN): results from a prospective cohort study.

              Neonates who are in pain or are stressed during care in the intensive care unit (ICU) are often given sedation or analgesia. We investigated the current use of sedation or analgesia in neonatal ICUs (NICUs) in European countries.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ped
                Revista Cubana de Pediatría
                Rev Cubana Pediatr
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7531
                1561-3119
                June 2019
                : e701
                Affiliations
                [1] Matanzas orgnameHospital Ginecoobstétrico Docente Provincial de Matanzas “Dr. Julio Rafael Alfonso Medina” orgdiv1Servicio de Neonatología Cuba
                [2] Matanzas orgnameHospital Pediátrico Provincial de Matanzas “Eliseo Noel Caamaño orgdiv1Departamento Docente Cuba
                Article
                S0034-75312019000200008
                a8a114bb-b6e0-461a-8e21-713acd7cca92

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 December 2018
                : 09 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                very low weight newborn,nursing care,pain management,atención de enfermería,recién nacido de muy bajo peso,analgesia,dimensión del dolor,tratamiento del dolor,pain dimension

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