4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Potencial de algunos microorganismos en el compostaje de residuos sólidos Translated title: Potential of different microorganisms for solid waste composting

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          En México se producen diariamente toneladas de residuos sólidos que requieren un tratamiento seguro. El aumento de residuos que contienen hidrocarburos polimerizados muestra la necesidad de implementar un proceso de compostaje. Una alternativa para la mejora de este proceso es la búsqueda de microorganismos presentes en estos residuos que permitan acelerar los procesos de degradación que conduzcan a un compostaje eficiente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar microorganismos con potencial de ser utilizados en el proceso de compostaje. Se obtuvieron 17 aislados de 5 compostas; los hongos se caracterizaron mediante morfología microscópica y colonial y las actinobacterias por amplificación del 16S rDNA. A los mismos se les hicieron pruebas de crecimiento a diferentes condiciones de pH y temperatura, además de pruebas cualitativas y cuantitativas de hidrólisis de celulosa y pectina. Con base en los resultados de esas pruebas, se seleccionaron 2 cepas de actinobacterias y 1 hongo filamentoso. Se elaboró un inóculo con esos 3 microorganismos para evaluar su potencial de degradación; se inoculó y se incubó durante 70 días a 45 °C un sustrato compuesto por residuos domésticos y de poda de jardín. Se evaluaron nitrógeno total, materia orgánica, pH, azúcares reductores totales, carbono total y la relación C/N de cada tratamiento antes y después del proceso. Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a análisis de varianza (univariado) y a un análisis discriminante canónico (multivariado). La eficiencia del proceso de compostaje (baja relación C/N del sustrato, indicador de la estabilidad del producto final) mostró la activa participación de los microorganismos inoculados; también se observó la participación de los microorganismos nativos del sustrato natural.

          Translated abstract

          In Mexico high amounts of solid organic waste are produced and require safe treatment. The increase of organic waste that contains polymerized hydrocarbons requires an efficient composting process. An alternative for improving this process is the search for microorganisms in the same waste to accelerate degradation of organic residues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of several microorganisms in the composting process. Seventeen isolates were obtained from several composts. Fungi were characterized by microscopic and colonial morphology and actinobacteria were identified through the amplification of the 16S rDNA. The microorganisms were grown under different pH and temperature. The qualitative and quantitative ability for hydrolysis of cellulose and pectin were tested. Two strains of actinobacteria and one filamentous fungus were selected to prepare an inoculum. A sterile substrate based on domestic and garden wastes was inoculated with the selected strains to evaluate their composting potential. The inoculated substrate was incubated at 45 °C for 70 days. The amount of total nitrogen, total organic matter, pH, total reducing sugars, total carbon and the C/N ratio of each treatment were determined. Data were submitted to univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to evaluate the efficiency of the composting process. The efficiency of the solid waste composting (low ratio C/N, indicative of the compost maturity) showed active participation of the inoculated microorganisms as well as the participation of the microorganisms present in the original substrate.

          Related collections

          Most cited references29

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Notes of sugar determination

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Evolution of extracellular enzyme activities during manure composting

            The objectives of this work were to determine the extracellular enzyme profiles during composting, relate the activities of these enzymes to the changes in microbial population and compare the enzyme profiles between two manures.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Análisis químico de suelo

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                tl
                Terra Latinoamericana
                Terra Latinoam
                Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.
                2395-8030
                December 2014
                : 32
                : 4
                : 291-300
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico
                [2 ] Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Mexico
                Article
                S0187-57792014000400291
                a97a8071-40f7-4806-8451-4ea3aea28a8c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Categories
                Soil Science

                Soil
                celulosa,pectina,actinobacterias,hongo,cellulose,pectin,actinobacteria,fungus
                Soil
                celulosa, pectina, actinobacterias, hongo, cellulose, pectin, actinobacteria, fungus

                Comments

                Comment on this article