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      Acute hyperosmotic stress test for vigor assessment of first-feeding larvae of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus and spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus Translated title: Prueba de estrés hiperosmótico agudo para evaluar el vigor de larvas a la primera alimentación de la cabrilla arenera Paralabrax maculatofasciatus y del pargo flamenco Lutjanus guttatus

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          Abstract

          Abstract: This study investigated the tolerance of first-feeding larvae of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus and spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus to acute hyperosmotic stress. P. maculatofasciatus and L. guttatus embryos were incubated in 48-well microplates at 23 and 28°C, respectively. The first-feeding larvae were exposed in triplicate to salinities of 35 to 95 g L-1 or 35 to 85 g L-1, and survival was monitored from 0.5-3.5 h or 0.5-53 h, for P. maculatofasciatus and L. guttatus, respectively. The results showed that mortality increased differently among treatments from the first exposure time in each species. Extreme salinities were lethal in 30 min. Salinities close to the control were sub lethal. At intermediate salinities, mortality was fitted to a potential or linear model. For P. maculatofasciatus, the LC50 values obtained between 0.5 and 3.5 h were 73.4 to 65.4 g L-1. For L. guttatus the LC50 values obtained between 2 and 5 h were 57.3 to 54.5 g L-1. Comparison of LC50 between species showed that P. maculatofasciatus larvae had a higher tolerance to hyperosmotic stress. Based on the results for each species, it is recommended to expose to 70 g L-1 for 1 h for P. maculatofasciatus and 57 g L-1 for 2 h for L. guttatus when conducting hyperosmotic stress tests. This stress test is objective, simple, and can be used in both studies on broodstock nutrition and management and in hatcheries as a quality control method.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: En este estudio se investigó la tolerancia de larvas a la primera alimentación de la cabrilla arenera Paralabrax maculatofasciatus y del pargo flamenco Lutjanus guttatus a un estrés hiperosmótico agudo. Embriones de P. maculatofasciatus y L. guttatus fueron incubados en microplacas de 48 celdas a 23 y 28°C, respectivamente. Larvas de primera alimentación fueron expuestas por triplicado a salinidades de 35 a 95 g L-1 ó 35 a 85 g L-1, y la supervivencia fue monitoreada de 0,5 a 3,5 h ó 0,5 a 53 h, para P. maculatofasciatus y L. guttatus, respectivamente. Los resultados mostraron que la mortalidad aumentó de manera diferente entre los tratamientos desde el primer tiempo de exposición en cada especie. Salinidades extremas fueron letales en 30 min. Salinidades cercanas al control fueron sub-letales. En salinidades intermedias, la mortalidad se ajustó a un modelo potencial o lineal. Para P. maculatofasciatus, los valores de LC50 obtenidos entre 0,5 y 3,5 h fueron de 73,4 a 65,4 g L-1. Para L. guttatus los valores de LC50 obtenidos entre 2 y 5 h fueron de 57,3 a 54,5 g L-1. La comparación de LC50 entre especies mostró que las larvas de P. maculatofasciatus tuvieron una mayor tolerancia al estrés hiperosmótico. Con base en los resultados obtenidos en cada especie, se recomienda la exposición a 70 g L-1 por 1 h para P. maculatofasciatus y 57 g L-1 por 2 h para L. guttatus, cuando se realicen pruebas de estrés hiperosmótico. Esta prueba de estrés es objetiva, sencilla y puede utilizarse tanto en estudios sobre nutrición y manejo de reproductores como en plantas de producción de juveniles como método de control de calidad.

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          Some insights into energy metabolism for osmoregulation in fish.

          A sufficient and timely energy supply is a prerequisite for the operation of iono- and osmoregulatory mechanisms in fish. Measurements of whole-fish or isolated-gill (or other organs) oxygen consumption have demonstrated regulation of the energy supply during acclimation to different osmotic environments, and such regulation is dependent on species, the situation of acclimation or acclimatization, and life habits. Carbohydrate metabolism appears to play a major role in the energy supply for iono- and osmoregulation, and the liver is the major source supplying carbohydrate metabolites to osmoregulatory organs. Compared with carbohydrates, the roles of lipids and proteins remain largely unclear. Energy metabolite translocation was recently found to occur between fish gill ionocytes and neighboring glycogen-rich (GR) cells, indicating the physiological significance of a local energy supply for gill ion regulatory mechanisms. Spatial and temporal relationships between the liver and other osmoregulatory and non-osmoregulatory organs in partitioning the energy supply for ion regulatory mechanisms during salinity challenges were also proposed. A novel glucose transporter was found to specifically be expressed and function in gill ionocytes, providing the first cue for investigating energy translocation among gill cells. Advanced molecular physiological approaches can be used to examine energy metabolism relevant to a particular cell type (e.g., gill ionocytes), and functional genomics may also provide another powerful approach to explore new metabolic pathways related to fish ion regulation.
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            The onset of exogenous feeding in marine fish larvae

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              Egg and larval quality criteria as predictive measures for juvenile production in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                revbiolmar
                Revista de biología marina y oceanografía
                Rev. biol. mar. oceanogr.
                Universidad de Valparaíso. Facultad de Ciencias del Mar (Valparaíso, , Chile )
                0718-1957
                April 2018
                : 53
                : 1
                : 87-93
                Affiliations
                [1] Mazatlán, orgnameCentro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C. orgdiv1Unidad Mazatlán Mexico
                [3] La Paz orgnameInstituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico
                [2] Mazatlán Sinaloa orgnameLaboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto CIAD orgdiv1Unidad Mazatlán México
                Article
                S0718-19572018000100087
                a9a1145e-267d-496d-a66d-0e3af54d0222

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 January 2017
                : 04 April 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                Larvae quality,osmotic stress,stress test,salinity tolerance,Probit analysis,Calidad de larvas,estrés osmótico,prueba de estrés,tolerancia a la salinidad,análisis Probit

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