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      Adesão ao seguimento nutricional ambulatorial pós-cirurgia bariátrica e fatores associados Translated title: Adherence to outpatient nutritional follow-up after bariatric surgery and associated factors

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da adesão ao seguimento nutricional ambulatorial pós-cirúrgico e avaliar sua associação com fatores selecionados em indivíduos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva com base na revisão de dados pós-operatórios de 241 prontuários de adultos submetidos à gastroplastia redutora com derivação em Y de Roux entre 2006 e 2008. Considerou-se aderente o indivíduo que compareceu a quatro ou mais consultas nutricionais nos 12 primeiros meses após a cirurgia. Para investigar a associação entre adesão ao seguimento nutricional e idade, sexo, estado conjugal, escolaridade, situação empregatícia, distância entre a residência e o hospital, estratégias para perda de peso no período pré-operatório, índice de massa corporal no pré-cirúrgico imediato, presença de comorbidades e duração da internação pós-operatória, foram calculadas razões de prevalência e utilizou-se regressão múltipla de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de adesão foi de 56% (IC95%=49,7-62,3) nessa população predominantemente feminina (80,9%), com média de idade de 44,4 anos (DP=11,6) e de IMC pré-operatório de 47,2kg/m² (DP=6,2). Dos fatores estudados, somente a duração da internação pós-operatória igual ou superior a 6 dias mostrou-se significativamente associada à adesão após análise ajustada por sexo e idade (RP=1,46; IC95%=1,15-1,86). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de adesão encontrada foi semelhante às de estudos internacionais, mas baixa considerando-se 75% como referência. A maior adesão observada nos indivíduos com internação pós-operatória prolongada pode sugerir que o maior contato com a equipe multiprofissional aumente a percepção da necessidade de cuidados com a saúde em longo prazo.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: This study estimated the prevalence of adherence to outpatient postoperative nutritional follow-up after bariatric surgery and analyzed the association between adherence and selected factors. METHODS: A total of 241 records of female and male adults who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass between 2006 and 2008 were reviewed for this retrospective cohort study. The data included the preoperative and postoperative periods. Individuals were considered compliant when they attended four or more nutritional appointments in the first 12 months after surgery. Prevalence ratios were calculated for estimating the association between adherence to postoperative nutritional follow-up and factors such as age, gender, marital status, education level, employment status, distance between home and hospital, weight loss strategies used during the preoperative period, body mass index immediately before surgery, presence of comorbidities and duration of hospital stay after surgery, and the Poisson multiple regression was used for adjusted analysis. RESULTS: Adherence prevalence was 56.0% (CI95% 49.7-62.3). Women composed 80.9% of the population; the mean age of the sample was 44.4 years (SD=11.6) and mean preoperative body mass index was 47.2kg/m² (SD=6.2). Among the study factors, only duration of postoperative hospital stay was significantly associated with adherence after adjustment for age and gender (PR=1.46 CI95% 1.15-1.86). CONCLUSION: The adherence prevalence of this population was similar to those of foreign studies, but below the minimum prevalence of 75% considered reference. The greater adherence of individuals with longer postoperative hospital stays may have stemmed from their prolonged interaction with the multidisciplinary team, which may have increased their awareness of disease severity and need of long-term health care.

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          Most cited references41

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          Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action.

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            Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: a meta-analysis.

            In a review of the literature from 1948 to 2001, 122 studies were found that correlated structural or functional social support with patient adherence to medical regimens. Meta-analyses establish significant average r-effect sizes between adherence and practical, emotional, and unidimensional social support; family cohesiveness and conflict; marital status; and living arrangement of adults. Substantive and methodological variables moderate these effects. Practical support bears the highest correlation with adherence. Adherence is 1.74 times higher in patients from cohesive families and 1.53 times lower in patients from families in conflict. Marital status and living with another person (for adults) increase adherence modestly. A research agenda is recommended to further examine mediators of the relationship between social support and health.
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              Obesity preventing and managing the global epidemic

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rn
                Revista de Nutrição
                Rev. Nutr.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (Campinas )
                1678-9865
                August 2012
                : 25
                : 4
                : 497-506
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1415-52732012000400007
                10.1590/S1415-52732012000400007
                a9b0c990-c95d-4089-90af-4c4c594a58ec

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5273&lng=en
                Categories
                NUTRITION & DIETETICS

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                Nutrition assessment,Bariatric surgery,Observational studies,Obesity,Postoperative period,Avaliação nutricional,Cirurgia bariátrica,Estudos observacionais,Obesidade,Período pós-operatório

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