Cytokines: Autocrine and Paracrine Roles in the Anterior Pituitary

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Abstract

In addition to their role as lymphocyte messengers, cytokines also act at the anterior pituitary gland as autocrine or paracrine regulators of anterior pituitary function. As a cellular and molecular basis for this latter role, receptors for interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2 and IL-6 have been demonstrated in the pituitary of several species, as the endogenous production of the homologous cytokines. Additional cytokines are synthesized in or alter the function of the pituitary. IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 regulate not only the secretion of pituitary hormones, but also the growth and proliferation of pituitary cells. This latter action suggests that intrinsically produced cytokines play a role in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas. Cytokines thus constitute a complex autocrine or paracrine network that contributes to the regulation of anterior pituitary physiology and pathophysiology.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): NIM

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neuroimmunomodulation

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1021-7401

Title: Neuroimmunomodulation

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 1021-7401

ISSN (Electronic): 1423-0216

Publication date Subscription-year: 1996

Publication date (Print): 1996

Publication date (Electronic): 21 May 2010

Volume: 3

Issue: 1

Pages: 28-34

Affiliations

^aInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, and Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Argentina; ^bMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Institute, Department of Endocrinology, Munich, Germany

Article

Publisher ID: 97224 Other ID: Neuroimmunomodulation 1996;3:28–34

DOI: 10.1159/000097224

PubMed ID: 8892358

SO-VID: aa0fbe25-f963-4358-a6ce-fa145a405058

License:

Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

History

Date received : 26 March 1996

Date accepted : 24 April 1996

Page count

Pages: 7

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